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t

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'7-^^-

BRITISH REMAINS;

OR,

A COLLECTION

OF

A N T I Q^U I T I E S

Relating to the Britons :

COMPREHENDING,

I. A Concifc Hiftory of
the Lords March£;rs ;
their Origin, Power, and
Conqucfts in Wales,

II. The Arms of the An-
cient Nobility and Gen-
try of North-Wales.

III. ALetterof Dr. Lloyd,
Bifhop of St. Afaph's, [

concerning Jeffrey of
Monmouth's Hiftory.

IV. An Account of the
Difcovery of America,
by the Welih, more thaa
300 Years before the
Voyaj/e of Columbus.

V^ A Celebrated Poem of
Talieiin, tranflated into
Sapphic Verfe.

^

The Whole felefled from Original MSS. and other

authentic Records.

TO WHrCH ARif ALSO ADDED,

MEMOIRS of EDWARD LLWYD,

A N T I a. U A R y,

Tranfcribed from a Manufcript in the Mufeum, Oxford.

By the Rev. N. OWEN, Jun. A. M.

SPAR8A COEGI.

LONDON,

Printed for J. BEW, in Pater- Nofter-Rovv.

1777.

[rHENEWYORH

iPUBLlCU3R.\Rl|

TjLDLN FOOWCAtlONS-

v .

PREFACE.

X HE hifiory of the primary
ftate of all people is commonly
dark and obfcure^ but, I believej
i&ff indeed, or none, more fd|
within a period the tranfadlionS of
which might well have been tr anf-
mitted to pofterity in genuine per-f
. fcAnefs, than the hiftory of the
Welfli nation, from the Conqueror
WilKam's time to the Commence-
ment of the thirteenth century.
The printed accounts of this inte-*
tefting interval are both few and
unfatisfa(Jiory. Tho' neither poets
lior bards were wanting to cele-
brate the heroes, the adions, and
the achievements of the day ; yet

are

a PREFACE.

are thefe rccMds now. tingratdfully
negledted, or more fliamefully a-
biifed : the precious remain^ of
what our anceftors thought no
prefervation too great, no cpm-
municativenefs too ready, fufFered
to moulder into duft, and to periih
in obfcurity.

#

The ancient manufcripts, in this

kingdom, which relate even to the

more infant ftate of the Britons,

whether as originals or copies, are

doubtlefs . of number and variety

abundantly fufficient : and, I am

fatisfied, were they better known,

and had the hiftorian an eafier ac-

cefs to them, than at this time can

be gotten, the part of our hiftory

moft cenfured as. deficient would

require

PREFACE. iii

require no great elucidation nor en-
largement. But, unluckily for our
information, thefe, with others of
ibme inferior note to Cambrian^
have fallen, long fince, into the
hands of perfons over-tenacious of
the property, neither willing to
lend the original, not difbofed to
communicate the contents,

- The library moft copious in Bri-
tifh MSS. which Wales, or any
other country, can now boaft of,
is fcarcely ever acceflible to the
antiquary or hiftorian : but if, by
fome extraordinary means, admii^
fion be obtained, a favour rarely
Ranted, permiflion to copy or to
collate is never given on any con^
fideration whatever : and that in-

A 3 telligence,

4

■
i

\

E

If. P, R E F A C E.

telligqice, which by dint of me^
moTy is fyrreptitioufly convey^df
away, cannot be long tenable, andi
is ever coipnxiinicable but with, dif-

I

" fidence- and diftrufU Whatever
pbjedion the owner may, entertain,
1 can, in reafon, cpiiceive none, of
withholding thefe records from.th^

infpedion, of . the learned: if it be
pleafure to an individual to poflcf§
in inutility what his country with
profitablenefs might enjoy, it is then
(J that kind with which I never. wiiH
i;p be gladdened* I can fafely aver,
that, were I lefs folicitous . of ref-r
cuing frppi obUvion and obfcurity
the ren^ains of antiquities here of-
fered to the public^ than I am of
profit, or praife, fforo them> they,
fould n^ver tij|rpu|h my mean^

have

■

I

?' R E F A C E: V

f^^'imd^ their appearance in priht.
Xh^jr contain in them, feveral cu-
i^u^. fingular^ and p^haps inte>«
iN^fig fK:count& of the Britons and
their hijRioiy , and difplay a narrlition
j^ fads, at this time littk knowni
cead, or underftood. They W6r^
&leded, in the firfl intention, for
private amufement and informa-
tion : but finding in them fuch ^*
ticles of intelligence, as might tend,
in {bme meafure, to iUuftrate the*
<^bfi:ured period of our hifiory, pro-
duced in me the firft thought of
their publication. To enumerate
the feveral particulars comprehaid-
cd in them, ot to advance in en-
comiums upon the n^rit of which
the world is to judge, ^(rould have
the. :femblanco, liprefume,- df va-
nity-

vi PREFACE.

»

nity and oftentation. Therefore I
have only to add, in a few words^
that, whatever errors may occur to
the reader, he would not attribute
them to the publiflier's negleA, or
inattention, but to the real fource
from whence taken ; which he hath
not, to his knowledge, deviated
from in a fingle inftance. The
chief defeds throughout are either
nominal or local : for the modem
orthography of the Welfli language
varies but very immaterially from
the ancient mode of fpelling it,
and the moft confiderable deviation
from its originality confifts merely
in writing the names of men, and
places ; an error too prevalent, and
too little regarded, in thefe and
former days. This fault then will

evidently

i

/

PREFACE. vii

t

evidently appear in the fubfequent
coUedion, from the difFerences of
the times it originally was written
in, and for which I am no way an-
fwerable. Indeed, were I defirous
to alter what my poor judgment
may prompt, I do iwt think myfelf
at liberty herein to do it, but in
pdiUve province of a tranfcriber
purdy to deliver the plain fimple
narrative in the language of the
original, neither to add, nor to di-
minifh. I muft confefs that a criti-
cal knowledge of the Welfli tongue
is far beyond my fphere of compre-
henfion, and I believe is the excel-
lency of few ; for I knew but one
perfon, during my refidence in Ox-
ford, that made it his ftudy to attain
it : from whofe ikill and learning

in

V K E PA C £.

iti Britiih aiitiquitie^ his coxmttf
msLf o^e day or other be benefited)

What ¥toeptk>tt this work tn&y
f&eet withj I am not ani^ious tc^
know: that having done mine en-
deavours to refeue frcwn obfeiirity
the periihabl^ remains of our an-^
ce^, I (hall reft fatisfied in the
attempt, be k fuccefsful or not«
If favonrably redcived, a future
period niay add to it others, equal-
ly fcarce, curious, and valuable.

N. B. I need not apprize the reader that the Hif*
tory of the Lords Marchers is taken from no
particular MS. The materials for it v^rere fe-
leded out of divers, and thus digefted, by thUi
Editor, into the following fummary*

THE

A CONCISE

1 S T O R Y

OF THE

LORDS MARCHERS J

THEIR

ORIGIN, POWER,

AND

CON (QUESTS IN WALES.

I B

*

'^

A CONCISE

HISTORY

OF THE

LORDS MARCHERS;

W:

HEN the Saxons had invaded
Britain, and driven the ancient inhabi-

tants from their fertile lands and territo-

♦

ries, to feek for fhelter in foreign king-*-
doms, a remnant took refuge in Wales;
a country of itfelf naturally ftrong and
fecure, being bounded on one fide by
the Irifli Sea, and feparated from Eng-»
land on the other by mountaiiw* freely
acceffible. In this fafe retreat i:id they
live, and keep the pofleffions, in the full

B a ex(?rcife

■ J

■ 1 ■

;

4 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

exercife of their cuftoms ^nd manners,
nearly 800 years. They were governed
by Princes of their own blood royal un-
til the death of Lleweline, fometime by
one Prince, fometime by a number. The
Britifti language is, at this day, fpoken ,
by their defcendants, the Welshmen ; if
it be not entire, . it is the leaft corrupted,
by changes and innovations, of any neigh-
bouring tongue whatever : and, I think,
there is now no danger of its ending in
the fame fate with the Corniih ; a con-
ficierable time muft certainly elapfe be-
fore it is obliterated or wholly forgotten,
if ever.

Egbert, who reduced the Saxon Hep-
tarchy into one Monarchy, and firft cal-
led it by the name England, could never
get any obedience or fubjeftion paid to
. him by the Princes who ruled over Wales;
for the peofd^e would acknowledge no
upreme, unaer God, but the lawful if-
fues of Cadwallader, the laft King of

the

- V

J*.

■ \

\

t

I ■
I

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 5

the Britons : whereupon did they conti-
nue in enmity with each other the whole
of the Saxon government. And in the
end, when it pleafed God to fend the
Normans, under the conduft of Wil-
liam their Duke, to make a con qu eft of
England; and * to difpofTefs the Saxon if-
fue of the Crown and its hereditaments,
the Wehhmen feemed unconcerned which
fide obtained the viftory, for they ac-
counted it as a war exifting between two
ftrange nations ; they would neither de-
fend nor give affiftance.

A while prior to the Norman conqueft,
the government of all Wales, which was
once divided in petty principalities and
jurifdiAions, was happily united, and
centered laftly in Roderic the Great.
This Prince, not confulting the public
weal or profperity of his country, por-
tioned his dominion into three (hares,
or territories, . among his three Hbns. To
his eldeft fon Anarwd he gave "TSforth-

B 3 Wales,

6 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

«

Wales, containing fifteen cantredsj to
Cadel, the fecond fon, all South- Wales ;
• and to Mervin, the youngeft, fifteen can-
treds in Powis^land. This divifion weak-
ened the State exceed'ingly, caufcd them
to be at variance with each other at home,
and from abroad to fufFer rapine ani
moleftation : neverthelefs, neither thcfe
Princes nor their fucceflbrs would ever
fubmit to the Englifh Kings. Hence
arofe cruel wars and diflenfions between
the two nations, which continued, with
but little remiffion, to the time of Ed-
ward L who compleatly conquered the
Principality, and acceded it to his do-
minion.

The frequent ikirmiftics and battles
fought between the Wclfti and their
enemies, on the other fide of the Severn,
were produdlivc of great flaughters and
lofles to both parties ; and the Kings of
England oftentimes levied great armies,
and fome in perfon, invaded their coafts>

and

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 7

iand drove them fcveral tim^s into the
mountains apd faftnefles, but were never
, able to penetrate into the heart of the
country without great lofs to themfelves,
and little annoyance to the Welfh.

r

Wje read in the chronicles and hifto-
ries of this realm the accounts of many
expeditions made into Wales, by refpec-
tiye Kings of England ; namely. King
John's wars, made upon Lleweline ap
Jorwerth ; William Rufus, and Henry 11.
who entered Wales three times with royal
armies ; alfo Henry Illd's war with Lie*
weline ap Griffith. Many were the at-
' tempts to take this country by fea and
land, but generally indeed with no fuc-
ccfs, by reafon of ftrait paffes, and in^
tricate windings among mountains and
bogs, which favoured the retreat of men
habituated to clamber the rugged rocks,
and which afforded them a fecurity by
ftrangers not eafily pervaded. However,
in procefs of time, they took divers of

B 4 their

8 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

their low and frontier countries, which
having taken they could not long poflefs
with any peace or quietnefs.

The Kings of England, perceiving
the wars to be very troublefome, and a
hard matter to effed a conqueft by any
great army, bccaufe of the roughnefs of
the country, and the difficulties of fur-
nifliing a nuriiber of troops, (as Henry
II. fatally experienced, when he affayed
to march his army over Berwin moun-
tains, for they were nearly deftroyed by
cold and famine,) were therefore • con-
tented to grant unto feveral Englifh no-
bility and gentry fuch countries as they
could win by their own force and ex-
pence from their enemies the Welfh.
And, withal, they permitted them and
their heirs to hold the land conquered of
the Crown, freely, per Baroniam, with
the exercife of royal jurifdidion therein :
whereupon they were ftiled Lords or Ba-
rons Marchers; and all the foundation

of •

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 9

of their title was by affuming and per-
iniili6n, and not by grant : for no grant
of a Lordfhip Marcher is known ever to
have been extant or recorded, neither in
the Tower nor elfe where.

Allured by thefe promifes, many no-
blemen^ and other perfons of difliniftion,
in England, levied great armies, and
inarched into Wales ; and, after various
fucceffes, and changes of fortune,, dif-
poiTefied the Wehhmen of feveral fair
Lordfhips and countries ; fo much of
Wales as now containeth the counties of
Glamorgan^ Pembroke^ Monmouth, Breck-
nock^ Radnor, Montgomery, Denbigh^ and
Flint I with other parts, now annexed,
by the law called the Ordinance for Wales^
to the counties of Gloucejler^ Hereford,
and Salop.

About the Norman conqueft of Eng-
land, feveral large towns of garrifons
were built, in rank, on the frontiers of

Wales,

lo A CONCISE HISTORY OF

Wales, viz, Briftol^ GlouctJIer^ Worceft^i
Salop i and Chefter. Secure in their for-
tified towns, the adventurers, by fre-
quent incurfions into the low or flat
countries, annoyed and molefted the
Wehh exceedingljr ; and by force, jftra-
tagem, and other expedients of war,
they took divers of their territories.
Peter Corbet held and poflfefled the ma-
nor of Caurfe : Theobald de Verdon had
Mab]^: Mortimer, Wigmore: Fitz-Allen,
Clufij &c. Shortly after came Robert
Fitz-Hammon, with his twelve Knights,
into Glamorgan : Bernard and Newmark,
to the Lordfliip of Brecknock: Strong-
bow, to thg country of Dyved or Pem^
broke/hire: Martin, to the Lordfhip of
Cemais : Morris de Londres, to Cydwelli
and Carnwillon : Lacy, Earl of Lincoln,
to the county of Rhos and R&himog, in
the Lordfhip of Denbigh : Bruce, to the
Lordfhip of Gwyr^ Buelf, Radnor, Mele^
nitb, Elvel, Mochnant, Nantbelwy, and
other parts of Wales, To the end that

the

THE LORDS MARCHERS, n

the faid Lords ihould be as well the
more willing to thefe attempts, as alfo
the better able to rule and govern, and
to keep in due obedience, the people of
the country when conquered, the Kings
of England fufFered, and neceffity of go-
vernment indeed forced, thofe Lords to
afTume and ^ take into their own hands

' fuch prerogative and authority, within
the faid diflrids, as feemed to themfelves
beft adapted for the quiet government of
the country. The Kings writs iffued out
of Weftminfter did not run into Wales;
Pembroke/hire excepted, which was count-?
cd a part of England, and therefore cal-
led Little England beyond Wales : nei-

. ^ ther were there any Sheriffs or other of-
ficers of the King to execute any of his
writs or precepts in the Principality,
Therefore thofe Lords executed laws of
fovereign governors on their tenants and
people, in theLordfliips fubdued by them;
and which the Kings of England thought
prudent to permit for a time.

The

iz A CONCISE HISTORY OF

The like policy, faith the ancient hif-
toriographer Lampridius, was ufed, by
the Kings of England, with lands on the
confines of Scotland. His words, as re-
cited by Mr. Cambden, are, «^ Sola qua
de hojiibus capta erant limitaneos ducibus
et militibm donaffet^ it a ut eorum ejfent, Ji
heredes illorum militarenty nee unquam ad
privatos pertinerent, exiftimans eos milita^ *
turosji etiamfua rura defenderent.'* There-
fore there is nO record, as we faid before,
to be found of a grant made to any to
be jentitled Lord Marcher, nor was there
ever any power given to exercife fuch re-
gal jurifdiftion as then and long after
they fucceffively ufed. To grant char-
ters of fuch liberties, in their cafes, could ,
not be conveniently done for three rea-
fons. Fifft was, that the Kings of Eng-
land, when they allowed any noblemen
or other perfons to hold the lands which
they might take from the Wejfli, knew
not what countries or diftrifts they (hould
take, or whether they could win any

lands

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 13

lands at all ; therefore could grant them
no liberties within any certain, deter-
mined precin£t or territories. Secon(l
reafon was, that the Lords, after they
had won and conquered any country in
Wales, were not defirous, nor hafty, to
purchafe or procure any charters of li-
berties ; for their tenure was precarious,
and poifeflions fo gained are not always

peaceably enjoyed. Sometimes the right

»

owners recovered their property by force,
and drove the Englifli Lords from the
fame : which uncertainty made them flow
to feek or to fuc for grants, until they
had continued in pofleflion of their cap-
tures for feveral ages. Another reafon,
which I have heard of the learned, was
the nature of the liberties ufed by the
Lords within their refpedive feignories,
which carried with it fo great and fo
royal a power, that by the laws of this
realm it lay not in the power of the
King (of England) to grant or fever the
fame from his imperial Crown. There-
fore

14 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

fore it was thought better courfe to fuffer
them to aflume and take thofe liberties
of their own authority, than to fue and
obtain a void grant, which, if it had
been, at any time, called in queftion,
muft have been adjudged to be of no
force.

The impatibility of this jufifdidion
did foon appear; for in the reign of
Henry III, John, Earl of Chefter, and
Richard, Earl of Pembroke, principal
Lords Marchers, did prefume, upon their
power thus acquired, to raife arms, and
to enter into league with the Prince of
Wales : wherefore Henry, when he had
quelled this infurred:ion, by compofitioa
with the former, and death of the latter,
difliking the further proceeding of the
Lords Marchers in the conqueft of Wales,
refolved upon the accomplifhing thereof
by his own proper forces. The Earl of
Chefter dying foon after, without male
iflue, the King refumed, by compofitioa

made

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 15

made with the Earl's four fifters and
heirs, that great county - palatine of
Chefter, granted by the Norman Con-
queror to the firft Earl his kinfman^
♦* %enendum Jibi it beredibus fuis adeo li-^
here ad gladium^ ^ut ipfe Rex tenebat to-*
tarn Angliam ad coronamj* Which re-

' fumption was not occafioned fo much
upon that fair pretence coipimonly re-
ceived, " Ne tarn praclara dominatio di--
videretttr inter colos^*' as to draw into the
Crown fuch a checking jurifdi<ftion, and
with it the greateft part of the county
of Flint, which the Earls of Chefter,
as Lords Marchers, had won from the
Welfh ; and to make way thereby for
his entrance into Wales, and to profecute
his intended conqueft with more facility.

This Earldom and county of Flint,
the King conferred on his fon Edward,
who fucceeded him, firfl> of that name
King of England. He reduced Flint in*-
to a county, by the ftatute of Wales,

and

I

i6 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

and united and annexed the poffcffions
^nd government thereof to the Earldom
of Chefter. And from the" time of King
Edward the Illd, the faid Earldom and
county have been granted to the Prince
of Wales, according to the limitation of
the Principality, ** Tenendum Jbi dt here--
dibus fuis regibus Anglmy

King Edward theFirft, in the eleventh
year of his reign, erefted, dut of his
conqueft of Wales, five counties, viz.
Carmarthen, and Cardigan, in South-
Wales ; Anglefey, Carnarvon, and Me-
rioneth, in North- Wales : befides, the
county of Flint was enlarged with part
of his conqueft, and annexed to the
Earldom of Chefter, as is juft mentioned.
Iri thefe five counties the whole-poflef-
fions of the Principality of Wales are
reputed ever fince to be contained. - For
the government thereof, he eftabliflied
laws bearing the title of The Statutes far
Wales, made at Ruthland, a fmall town

in

THE LORDS MARCHERS, ly

in the county of Flint, North^WalcS.
He ordained three principal courts* The
£rft a Chancery for the examination and
iiiuing out of ail grants> under a feal
committed to the principal officer there^
of, who bore the name of Chancellor,
and was alfo appointed to hear and deter-
mine, in equity, the grievances of fuitors.
The fecond was a court of great feffibnS,
for common juftice, held either generally
for the whole province, or itinerant in
every particular county by a juftice ap^
pointed for that purpofe. The third an
Exchequer, to take th^accompts of the
revenue, and to remedy any offence com-
mitted againfl the fame': alfo, by^the
appointment of the Chancellor, another
office, entitled the Chamberlain, was
annexed to this place.

Of thefe officers there was one of e^h
denomination afligned in either province
of North and South- Wales. The refi-
dence of thofe of North-Wales v^as at

C the

t8 A CONCISE HISTORY OF

the caftlc of Carn^ftoh,. and of thofe of
South- Wales at the caftlc of Camar^
then; and by thcfc Statutes of Wal^^
all forms of triala^ within thcfc five ccmn-
ties» according to the common laws of
England^ wtre likewife fettled.

The Lords Marchers, notwithfianding
the Conqueft 6f the Principality^ retained
their polleffions exempted from the ju^
rifdidion of the Prince, and ccmtinued
ihe exfcrcife of regal power without limi-
tatibrt .or cohtrol: neither was any part
of jtiftice from thb King's C9iirt current
Within thclir Lordibips i but in cafe only,
wherd t|;yey did queftioh one the other's
juHiSi^ion, if they thought fit to for-
bear tjie fword, they rcforted to the King'6
juftice for decifion.

K1»gL Edward, . after he. had fettled
Walea, perceiving great troubles and iSrr
regularities to arife froui the locaj juflf*-
didion of the Lords Marchers, attempted

to

i

THE LORDS MARCHERS. i>

i(]l i^oeftioii hy.2i quo v^arranto their te-
nures and liberties. But, as it is recorded
in the hiftory thereof, the Earl Warren^
trho was a principal Lord Marcher, draw-
ing his fword, anfwered. By this warrant
mine anceflors won their lands, and by
this I do, and will, hold mine : which
anfwer all the Barons feconding, the qud
tMrranto ceafed : an affront, intolerable,
which, likely, thofe times were unfea-
ibnable to remedy; by the advantage
whereof, and of the great wars and trou-
bles, foreign and civil, in which th<i
kingdom of England wai then and for
divers age^ afterwards engaged, this
tranfcendent jurifdidion did thereby live
and grow to that ftrength, and did fo
captivate the people to the obedience
thereof^ that they would neither yield
fibbmiflion nor render ferviee to their So-<^
vereign, but by the permiffion of their
Lords : out of which irregularity, efpe-
cially in the marches bordering upon
England, tli^rc grew fuch rapines and

to A CONCISE HISTORY OF

fpoils betwixt the Wclfli and the Engltfh;
with all impunity, and without remedy
but reprifal, that it fettled a deadly feud,
and produced lamentable eiFeds, until
the abolition of that regal jurifdidion in
the Lords Marchers, and the happy uni-
on of Wales with England.

The counties of Pembroke and Gla-
morgan are not taxed with thefe licen-
tious pradiccS, by reafon that they were
made counties by their conquerors,
Montgomery of the former, and Fitz-
Hammon of the latter, in the time of
William Rufus. Thefe counties were
the firft in Wales won by the Englifh,
when Rees ap Theodore, the laft Prince
of South^Wales, was overthrown and
flain* They had in them, from the above
time, a chancery, exchequer, and a vif-
councel jilrifdidion, with the entire ex-
crcifc of the common laws of .England ;
to which the people were inured about
200 years before the abfolute conqueft

- of

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 2t

of Wales* The plantation of the Eng-^
lifh was made very ftrong, by the forti*
fications of thefe counties upon the river
Severn; whereby their firft entries and
continual encroachments became more
eaiy and frequent. And> indeed^ no part
of thefe counties bordered on England
by land^ to miniiler preient occaiions of
giving or taking offence betwixt them.
In thefe confideradons the two counties
were under much better order and go*
yernment than the reft of the Principalis*
ty» Howbeit, the Lords thereof had re^
gal jurifdidion ; and therefore the peo-
ple, were, not ierviceable to the efiateof
England, but by the pormiiBon of their
Lords. This jurifdidion was more abfo*
lutfe in the county of Pembroke than io
the other» becaufe it was made an Eari«
dom from its firft plantation^ and had a
kind of palatine jurifHiftion ; 4nd there-
Tore is, in fome records, ftiled Regalis
Comitatus Pembrochiae. This county
continued in the property and poflei&ons

C3 of

t2 A CONCISE HISTORY

of the Earls of Pembroke 40a years, to
the time of Henry VIII. in his perfon it
ccafed, and the county was annesped to
jije Crowij*

Henry the Sevoith, bearing a fpecial
^fieStion to the wealth and prosperity of,
Wales, as well in refpe<5t of his birth
^nd education there in the county of
Pembroke, under his uncle Jafper* Ekike
of Bedford, and Earl of that county, as
for his near defcent from that county,
accordingly applied himfelf to draw the
Lords Marchers unto the Crown, and the
people from under tbofe fevere laws of
pLing Henry the Fourth. By purchafe,
tranflation, and otherways, he obtained
&veral of thefe Lordfhips^ and by the
attainder of Sir William Stanley there
cfcheated to him the fair pofieiiions of
BromfieJc> in Yale, and Chirkland in
Northr Wales, being a principal part of
the Marchers poffefiions there; which
no interccflions could afterwards ^et from
him.

i ■ ■ I • ; I

THE LORDS MARCHERS. 23

Upon the death of this King, his fon
Henry the; Eighth fo compleated his fa-
ther's undertaking, that moft of the Lord-
ihips Marchers became the property of
the Crown, and the whole principality
and dominion of Wales was incorporated
and united to the realm of England,
and made entirely communicable of the
liberties, privileges, and laws thereof, by
that good law of the union and ordi-
nance of Wales. By this law the jurif-
didtion of the Lords Marchers was ex-
tinguifhed as touching the regality there-
of, and their Baronies reduced into coun-
ties, either before eftablifhcd, or then
newly eredted. And a form for the ad-
miniftration of juftice was eftabliflbed
upon the fame grounds with the ftatute
made in the eleventh year of King Ed-
ward L enlarged and applied to the full
courfe and pradtice in England. This law
was eftabliftied in the 27th and 34th
years of Henry VHI.

THE

NAMES AND ARMS

• I

OF THE

Ancient Nobility and Gentry

O F

NORrH-WALES,

TAKEN FROM

A BOOK OF PEDIGREES,

Written about A. D. 1560.

THEKEWYORKl

PUBLIC LlSfJARY

iBdf.

THE

NAMES AND ARMS

OF THE

Ancient Nobility and Gentry of

JVorth-Wales.

I. G

RYFFYDD ap Cynan, Prince of
North-Wales. Gules, three lions pa£-
fant argent. Thefe arms are quartered
with thofe of his fon. Defcendaiits,
men of Anglefey and Carnarvonfhire.

2 • Owen G wynedd. Prince of North-
Wales. Vert, three eagles difplayed in
fcfs or. Defendants, Wynn, Carnar-
vonfliire.

3. Bleddyn

38 NAMES AND ARMS OF

f

3..Bleddyn ap Cynfyn. Or, a lion

rampant gules, crowned or»

•• • '

4* Elyftan Glodrudd, Prince between
Wye and Severn* Gules, a lion ram-
pant regardant or. Thefe arms are ge-
nerally quartered with his fon Cadwgan's
arms,,viz. argent, three boars heads coup-
ed fable. Defcendants, men of Kyde-
wein, Montgomeryfliire*

5. Jeftin ap Gwrgant. Gules, three
chevron ells argent.

6. Lleweliii ap Jorwerth, Prince.
1/ Quarterly gules, and or, four lix>ns paffant

guatdant counterchanged^

7» Tudur Trefor. Partly per bend fi-
nifler ermine and ermines, a lion ram-
pant dr.

8. Gryfyth Maelor. Paly of eight
gules and argent, a lion rampant fable.
:Defccndants, men of Glyndyfrdwy.

ANCIENT WELSHMEN, 29

^. .^ador ap Mredith, ap Bleddym
Argent^ a lion rampant fable^ Defcen^
dant, Owen Glcndowr.

10. Cynfrig ap Rhivvallon. Ermine,
a lion rampant fable. Defcendants, mea
of Bromfield;

11. Edhyfcd Vychen. Gules> a chev-
ron between three Englifhmens heads,
proper couped. Of him defcended Owen
Tudor, of Penmynydd, in the ifle of
Anglefey, who married Queen Catharine,
wife of Henry V,

12. Ednyfcd ap Cynvrig, ap Rhiwal-
Ion. Ermine, a lion paifant guardant,
with his tail between his legs, gules-
Dcfcendant, Bromfield.

13. Yngar of ]i\. Paly of eight,
gules and or, within a bordure of the
fecond feme of torteauxes fable.

14. Jarddur.

/>■

JO NAMES IND ARMS OF

X4« Jarddur. Oules^ a chevi'on be«
tween three Aags.he&d$ caboched argents

15. Sir Gryffyth Lloyd. Culcs, a
chevron or^ and chief erminei De^
fcendantSy men of Dinofwec* in Car-^fc
narvonfliire. *

16. Mador Gloddaith. Colts, a chev^
ron between three torteauxes argctit* De-
fccndanti from him by heirs female are
the Moftyns of Moftyn and Gloddaithy

17* Gwrgunon. Gules, a lion ram-
pant between three f ows argent.

18. Cadrofl Hard. Argent^ two foxes^
counterfalient in faltier gule^. Defcen-^
dants, the Williams of Nantanog, in the
ifle of Anglefey.

19, Cynvfig Sai», Quarterly argent
and fable, four lions rampant counter-
tbanged.

r

ANCIENT WELSHMEN, ji

ao4 Cad^an of Uftrad-Fiur. Attire,
ft lioii . rampant argent Dcfeetiddnts,,
Cardiganfhire men.

: a I. Gry^h Gocb of Rhdi. Or, a
griffin furgeiant gttles. Defcendantd)
men (^ Bryn Eyryn, in Doibighflike.

22. Cadwgan of Bachau. Argent^ a
chevron gules i3d;Ween three [dieond fa-
Me. '

23. Rotpert. Gules,' a chevron be-*
tween three mullets or. Defcendants^
men of Rhds, in Denbigfafliits and in
C^rnapvonibire.

24. Rhys ap Rotpert. Sable, a chev-
fion between three mullets argent.

25. Rhys ap Marchan. Azure, a
chevron or between three horfes heads
erafcd argent.

26. Llywarch

I

S» J4AMES AND ARMS OF

26. Llywarch Howlbwrch, Vert, a
flag paffant argent, attired or. Defcen*
dants, the Trygarns.

27; Trahaern Goch of Llyn. Azure,
a chevron between three dolphins ar^
gent. Defcendants^ men of Penlech, in
Llyn.

28. Llewelyn ap Bledri. Argent, a
chevron between three bulls heads ca*
boohed fable. Defcendants, men of Dy-
vcd, in Weft- Wales.

■

29. Jorwerth Sais. Argent, three
greyhounds couchant fable. Defcendants,
the family of Hanynys, Denbighfliire.

30. Ithel Vychan. Azure, a lion paf-
fant argent. Dcfcendant, Northope.

31. Y Pcnwyh. Gule3^ three boars
heads erafed argent*

32. Gwaithvocd

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 33

: 32. Gwaithvoed Vawr. Or, a lion
rampant regardant fable* Defcchdants,
men of Cardigan(hire«

33. Gwaithvoed. Vert, a lion rani-
pant argent j head, feet, and tail, gules.
Defcendants, the Powys.

34. Brochwel Yfgethroc. Sable, three
nags heads erafed argent. Defcendants,
the Lloyds of Powis-land, in Montgo-
merylhire.

35. Meirion Goch of Llyn. Argent,
a chevron azure between three nags heads
erafed fable. Defcendant, Sir William
Jones, of Caftellmarch, in Llyn,, Car-
narvonfliire.

36. Ithel Velyn of ]il. Sable, a chev-
ron between three gpats heads erafed or.

37. Cadivor ap Dinawal. Gules, three
fcaling-ladders argent. Defcendants, the
family of Caftle-Howel.

D 38. Philip

34: NAMES AND. ARMS OF

38. Philip ap Rhys. Gules, a fefs
i>ctw€en three drals^qs argent. Defceot-
dants, men of Bla^aTreftn, Giixnacvoa^
£bire«

39* Madoc of Hcnd^vr. Argent, on
m chevron, gules, three flenr^^: de ly^ or^
Defcendants, men of Edeyrnion, Meri-

40. GwyddpiQ:Qarai;i'rHir* Argent, a.
lion paffant, gules, between three *fleurs;
de lys fable. Defcendant^ Lord Liiburn,
C^ard^anfhire*

41. Philip ap IVon. Azure, an eagle
difplayed or« Defcendants, men of If- -
coed, Cardiganfliire.

42. Henry Dtvnn. A«ure, a wolf

^ rapgipant argent. Defcendants, men of -
Cydweli, Carmarthenfhire.

43. Moreiddig Warwyo. Sable^ three
childrens heads couped at the flioplder?, .

proper.

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 31^

proper, with fhakcs "twiftcd about their
necks, azure^' Defccndants, Talgarth
family, Brecknockfhire.

%

44. Ririd Flaidd. Vert, a chevron
between three wolves heads erafed" ar-
gent. Defcendant^, men of Penllyn and
Meirion.

/

4^; Bleddyn ap Maenyrch. Vert, a
wolf paffant, pierced with an arrow, the
point out at his mouth, argent* Defcen-|
dants, Brecknockfhire men.

46. Meredydd Gam of Dived* Sablle,*
a boar paiTant between fix fleurs de lys
argent. Defcendants, men of Weft-
Wales.

47. Meuric Goch of Dived. Argent,
a boar paffant, his head gules. Defcen-
dants, Weft- Wales men.

*

48. Jonas ap Grono. Azure, three

D 2 boars

k

36 NAMES AND ARMS OF .

boars heads paflant argent, Defcendants,
men of Llannarch Banna> in Bromfield.

• V

I

49. Llwch Llawen Vawr, Azure, a
boar chained to a tree argent. Defcen-
dants, men of Abergwili, Carmiarthen-
ihire.

» ' »

50. GryfFyth ap Elidyr. Argent, on a
crofs fable five crefcents or, dexter can-

*

ton a fpear's head gules. Defeendants,
Llangathan men, Carmarthenfhire.

51. Howel Arf-finiog. Argent,' a-
crofs humette coupe, quarterly, ; argent
^nd gules.

52. Mael Melienydd. Argent, a crofs
moline between four lozenges argent.

53. Aeddan of Gwent. Argent, a fal-
tier fable. Dcfcendants, men of Aradur,
in Gwent.

54. Enion

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 37

54. Enion ap Llywarch. Azure, a
crofs flory or. Defcendants, men of-
Denbighfliire.

55. Cunedda Wledic. Sable, three
rofes argent,

56. Einion ap Geraint. Gules, a chev-
ron between three rofes argent.

^'/. Dewi Fabfant. Sable, a chevron
or between three rofes argent.

58L Howel Argwydd Rhos. Argent,
a rofe gules ift.

59. Cadrod Calchfynydd. Azure, a
lion rampant argent. Defcendants, the
Owens of Penmynydd, in the ifle of
Anglefey.

60. David Llwch. Azure, three fea-
guUs argent. Defcendants, Dcuddwr
men, Montgomeryfliire.

D 3 6 1, Howel

3.8 JNAMES AND ARMS ,GF

6 1. Howcl ap Jeva. Gules, a Jlion
rampant argent, cro>yned.or. Defcen-
dants, men of Kydewain, Montgomery-
fliire.

62. GrufFuth ap Davydd Goch. Sa^
ble^ a lion rampant argent in a bordure
engrailed or. Defcendants, men of Nant-
conwy,

63. Cadwgan of Nannau. Or, a lioa
rampant azure.

64. Caradoc Vreichvras. Azure, a lion
rampant partly per fefs or and argeijt, i^
a bordure of the third, feme of annulets
^able. Defcendants, men of Gl^ngwy.

65. Trahaern of Eiplyn. Argpqt, fix
bees, 321, fable. Defcendants, men of
Newcaftle,' in Emlyn, Carmarthen/hire.

66. Llowarch ap Ririd, ap Urien. Ar-
gent, a chevron fable between three ra*

vens.

y!

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 3$

vens. . Defccndant, Grifihh Rkc, E%
of Newton. .

67. Sir Howcl y FwyalL Sable, a
battle-axe between three fleurs de Iv8
urgent. Defcendants, men of Evionyth,
Carnarvonfhire.

68. Jarwerth Voel ap Jeva-Sais. Ar-
gent, on a fefs gules, between three fleurs
de lys fable, a frett or^ Defcendant,
Mechain, Montgomeryfhire.

69* Howel Caerlleon. Gules, three
towers triple turretted argent. Defcen-
danls, men of Caerllon upon Ulk.

70. Llawdden. Gules, a griffin fur-
g6rant or. Defcendants, men of Uwch
Aeron.

7 1 . The Baron Coedmore. Aieurc, a
lion rampant argent. Defcendants, Caf-
tell-gevail men, Camarvonfhire.

D 4 72. Rhys

40 NAMES AND ARMS O I!'

72. Rhys ap Mreddith of Tywyn.
Gules, a chevron between two fleurs dc
lys, and a lion in bafe, or. Defcendants,
men of Tywyn, in Merionethfliire. ^

V

73. Elidyr ap Rhys Sais. Ermine, a
lion rampant azure. Defcendants, men
of Ifcoed, in the Lordfhip of Bromfield.

74. Pothan Vlaidd. Argent, on a bend
vert three wolves heads of the firft. De-
fcendants, the Middletqns of Chirkc Cat-
tle, in Denbighfhirc and Montgomery-
fliire.

y^. Cadivor ap Selyf. Ermine, a chev-
ron or, on a chief argent a lion paflant
gules. Defcendants, Llanfawyl men*

76. Owain ap Jevan, ap Madog. Ar-
gent, three eagles legs erafed meeting jin
fefs point fable, talons outward.

yy. Ithel Anwyl. Partly per pale

gules

N.,

ANCIENT WELSHMEN- 41

gules and 00 a (^ argent between two
lions rampant cndorfed counterchanged.
Defcendants, men of Northdp, Flint-
ihire.

V

78. Hwyfa ap Jorwerth. Sable, three
lions pafTant fable. Defcendants, men
of Ber, in the Lordfhip of I^romfield.

79. Arglwydd y Bryn. Argent, three
greyhounds fable collared, argent. De-
fcendants, the family of Bryn, in Llan-
vihangel Ymlodwell, in Shropfhire.

V

80. Gwion Benarw. Sable, three
greyhounds argent. Defcendants, Car-
digan/hire men.

81. Sir Rys ap GrufFudd. Gules, on
ti fefs dancette argent, between fix lions
rampant or, three rooks proper. De-
fcendants, Abermarlis family, in Carmar-
thenfhire.

82. Adan

4Z NAMES AND ARMS QF

82* Adan of Gwent. Argent, on %
bend falde three pheons of tlie firft*

83. Jeuan Gadarn. Argent, a lion
rampant gules* Defcendants, Gwaijft
Llwch family, Grlasnorgan (hire.

■ ■ - I

IP4, Grono Goch. Argeivt, a nag*s
head couped gules, bridled of the firft,
Defcendants, men of Gwernan, in Car-

diganfhke-

85. Madog Hydd^am. Azure, a bow
•and arrow partly downwards argents De-
fcendants, Merionethihire men.

86. ^Jerwerth Saeth Marchog. Azure,
a lion rampant argent on a canton of the
iecond, a pheon partly upwards. De-
fcendants, men of Bettws y Coed,' Me-
rionethfliire*

87. Cadwgan ap Grono, Azure, a
lion rampant argent. Defcendants, mga

of Strata Florida.

ANCIjENT WEl^SHMEN. 4*

8B. Sir Jm^ys ap Owaln. iGuks, a
chevron between two lojKe^kndts, and a
lion rampant in bafe or. Defcendants,
jxien of Kooiays^ in Pembtokeihire.

Bg, Einion Sai^t Argent^^ thr^e cocks
, gules crefted and wattled or. Deicen^
dants^ Brecknockfhire men,

90. Owilim Twyaf. Sable, a ilag pat
jfant argent. Defcendants, South- Wales
men.

91. Cadiyor Vawr. Ai-gent, a lioti^
palTant guardapt fable. Defcendants^
men of Blaen Rych. -

gz. Madoc Danwr. Ermine, a lioa
rampant fable in* a bordure gules, iSbme
of mullets argent. Defcendants, ipen of
Llanidloes, Montgomi^ryfhire.

93. Tegwared ap Rotpert. Sable,
three fleurs de lys argent in a bordure

gules.

44 NAMES AND ARMS OF

gules. Defcendants, men of Ardudwy*
Mcrionethfhire.

\

94. Meuric, King of Dyved. Azure,
a chevron between three cocks argent.
Defcendants, Cydweli men, Carmartben-
ihire.

95. Jenkin ap David. Azure, a chev-
ron or between three cocks argent. De-
fendants, Pengwern family, Flintfhire,

■

96. Meuric Llwyd. Argent, an eagle
difplayed with two heads fable. Defcen-
dant, Llwyd of Llwyn y Maen,

97. Cadafel Ynfyd. Sable, on a chev-
ron between three rugged fticks or, a
fleur de lys azure between two Cornifli
choughs proper. Defcendants, the Mey-
ricks of Bodorgan, in Anglefey, and U-
cheldre, in Merioncthftiire.

98. Llewelyn ap Madoc, ap Einion.

Argent,

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 45

Argent, on a chevron, between three
cocks heads erafed fable, a rofe between
two mullets of the field,

99. Cynvrig yychan. Vert, a flag
pafTant regardant argent. Defendants,
men of .Gwepra, Flintfhire.

100. .Cypvrig.Sais. Sable, three fpears
heads pointed downwards argent, imbru-
ed gules. Dcfcendants, the Inglefields.

101. Howel Coetmore. Azure, a
chevron, between three fpears heads . ar-
gent- Defcendants, the Coetmores of
Nantconway.^

102. Carwed of Llwydiarth ym.M6n.
Or, a falcon furgerant azure, beaked, &c. ^
or. Defcendants, the families of Llwy-
diart and Llecheidier, Carnarvonfhire. .

, 103. MeredyddBwl. Argent, a bull
paffant J&ble, armed and unguled argent.-
Defcendants, men of South- Wales,

V

46 NAMES AND^ ARWS OF

104. Enion' ap Gwalchtbat: Arge'rlt^-
^ee raddles'^ fable, ftiirups or. Defcen-
dants, Trcvcilir J&mily, in Altgleffey.

105^. Gryffydd Gwyr. Argent; a'ftag
ftaadirtg at gaze gules. Defcendanta,
men of Gower> Glamorganfhire^.

106. Yriys Enlli yn Llyn. Afgfeht^
three chevrons fable aiid argent' alter-
nately between three drafces. Backs fdblfri'
breafts and bellies argent.

107. Sir Rhys Utn: Or, thbe birds ^
forgerant, in a bordurfe vert. Me lived
in Carnarvon (hire.

. 108. Tegwarcdy BalsWen. Afgefit,
on a chevron fable three multets of the-
fkft. Ddcendants, men of Evioi^ith,
Carnarvon/hire.

169. Watkyn ap John Htr. Gules,
a raven proper in a garb argent. De-
fendants, the Larigdrs^ Brecknocklhire.

\ ANCIENT WEtiSMMEN. 47-

no. Jflnath Beniras. Argent^ acrofs
flory. engrailed fable between four Cornifh
choughs, OR a chief a^ure a boar's head*
of the fixA. Defcendants, men of MaeP
brookt Flintfbire*

I J li Cowryd. Argent, a chevron be-
tween three boars heads gules; Descen-
dants, the offspring of Griffith Goch of.
Rhuthin^

112. Madoc ap Maenyrch^ Gule^ a^
lion rampant argent in a bordurc or,
feme of annulets fable.- OiF whom arc
defcended a great ^ many^ gentlemen of
Breconfliire^

113. Madoo LI wyd. Partly bend fi--|
oiHer ermine and ermines, a lion ram-\ ^
pant or in a bordure gules. Defcen—
dants, men of Trevor, in Denbighfliire
and Chirkland.

114. Einion ap Caradwc. Argent, on

three

48 NAMES AND ARMS OF

three lozenges in . fefs vert, bordured
giiles, three eagles difplayed or. De-
fcendants, Merionethftiire men,

115. Celynin. Sable, a he-goat ar-
gent, armed, unguled, and bearded, or.
Defcendants, the men of Llwydiarth, in
Powis-land,

116. Elffin ap Gwyddno. Argent, a
grifEn furgerant vert. Defcendants, men
of Llanegwad, CarmarthenCure,

117. Sir Anon. Argent, a lion ram-
pant guardant gules. Defcendants, Glan-
tywi family, in Glamorganfhire.

•118. Jenkyn Llwyd. Argent, a J^pn
paffapt fable, Defcendants, Pwll Da Uche
family.

119. Padarn Peifrudd. Sable, three
javelins pointed upwards fable.

• c

120. Meredydd

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 49

lao. Meredydd ap Cynan# Quarterly
gules and argent, four lions paffant coun-
terchanged. Defcendants, men of Neu*
odd Wen, in Montgomeryfliirc.

121. Llewelyn ap Ivor, ap Bledri.
Argent, a griffin furgerant fable, Djc-
ifcendants, Gwent family.

122. Sir Matthew ap Caradoc. Azure,
three boars ^ heads between nine crofs
croflets argdnt Defcendants, men of
Gower, in Glamorganfhire,

123. Lies ap Coel. Argent, a wheel
or, the fpace between the fpokes vert.

124. Gwalchmai ap Gwyar. Quar-
terly ermines and ermine a fefs argent.

125. Goel ap Meuric. Quarterly fa-
ble argent,

126. Madoc ap Adda MoeL Argent,

£ a lion

SP NAMES AND ARMS OF

a lion psiffant fable, fore feet fettered or.
Delcendants, the Powys*

127. Trahaiarn ap Einion, Sable, a
. he-goat's head erafed argent, armed or.

* . '* '

128, Riryd Voel. Argent, three ra-
vens heads era&d proper, neck gules.
Descendants, the Blodwells, in Shrop-
ihire.

1 29. Matthias Wyon. Paly of eight
argent' and ^zure, on a h& pilp^ three
mullets of the firft. Defendants, the
Wpgaas of Pembrokefliire.

1 30. Mathiaid. Sable, a lion rampant
argent. Descendants, the family of Yr
Adur, Glamorganshire.

131. Owain Gettirii. Azure,, a flag
argent, armed or, holding a crown of the
third between his horns. Defcendants,

. Brecknock(hire men.

132. Madoc

/ AKCIENT WELSHMEN, st

I

132:. Madoc Goch o Voruddwy* Ar-
gent> a chevrdn partly per pale gules and
or between three falcons fable^ heads of
the firll. Defcendants^ the family of
Treveilcr, in Anglcfey*

133* Howel ap Jorwerth o Vdnt
Gules^ a lion paflant argent* Defcen-*
dadts^ ieverail families in Anglefey*

134. Iddon ap Rice Sats. Argenti ^
chevron between three boars heads coup*
ed gules. Defcendants^ men of Dudly^
in Shrop(hire.

135. Kyiivrick Evefl* Gules, on a
/ bend argent a lion paflant fable* De-

fcendants^ men of Eglwifeagle, in Brom**
field Lord (hip, and of Mold Lordfhipi
in the county of Flint*

136. Eynion EvelL Part fefs, fable
and argent, a lion rampant argent, all
counterchanged. Defcendants, men of

E 2 Cynllaith

52 NAMES AND ARMS OF

Cynllaith in Mochnant, Shropfliire, and
the Vaughns of GoIden-,Grove, in the
county of Carmarthen.

137. Alio ap Ruallon. Or, three li-
ons heads erafed gules^ bordure engrailed
azure,

138. Rice ap Marchan. Azure, a fefs
or between three horfcs heads erafed ar-
gent. Defcendants, men of Dyfryn-
clwyd, in Ruthin*lands, and Gresfbrd,
in the Lordfliip of Bromfield, Denbigh-
(hire.

* *

139. Sandde Hardd. Argent, broom-
flips, a lion rampant on Defcendants^
men of Burton-Leadclay, in the county
of Denbigh, and of Hope, in Flintfhire.

140. Roydon. Or, a crofs and three
roebucks heads erafed or in bend. ^ De-
fcendants, men of Ify Coed, Denbigh-
ihire.

141. Kadwalader

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 53

141. Kadwalader Vendigaid, the laft
King of the Britifh blood. He went to
Roine^ and died there. . Azure^ « a crofs
pattee fitchee or» *

i4Jt. Blaidd Rhydd. Or, geft azure,
a wolf paiTant argent.

143. Severus ap Cadivor, Lord of
Buelt. Azure, three open crowns in
pale or,

144. Trahaiarn of Rh6s. Or, a chev-
ron between three boars heads couped
gules.

145. Mada Ddu ap Davidd. Paly
of fix, argent and fable.

146. Morgeneu, Lord of DyiFrin
Clwyd.^ Azure, a lion rampant or, arm-
ed and langued gules.

J47. Madoc ap Jevan of Caereinion,

E3 ^P

54 NAMES AND ARMS OF

ap Jevan Foelfrych, ap Jorwerth Vychan,
Argentt a lion rampant fable^ armed and
langued gules. Defcendants, the Owens
of Cundover, Woodhoufe^ and MaQbyqi*
Ueth,

THE

Fifteen Tribes of NorthrWakt.

I. Marchudd* Gules, a Saracen's
head erafed argent^ wreathed or and
fable.

a. Brain t Hlr, Vert, a cfofs flory or.

3. Hwfa ap Cyndddw. Gules^ a chevs*
ron between three lions rampant or,

4. L4owarch ap Bran. Argent^ a chev*
ron between three choqghs with ermine
in their bills fable. Defcendants, men of
Cumwd Menai, in the iflc of Anglefey.

5, Cilmin

/C^

i

ANCIENT WELSHMEN. 55

5. Cilmin Droed Tu^ Quarterly^ i and
4^ argent^ an eagle difplayed with two
lieads fable 3 2 and 3> argent> a mao^
three rugged flicks^ gules } on an efcut*
cheon of pretence argent^ a man^s legs
couped at the knee fable* Defcendant^
Sir Thomas Wynn, Glynn, Carnarvon-
(hire*

*

6. Ednowain ap Bradwen^ Gules^
three fnakes rowed argent. DefcendantSj^
Owens of Penniarth*

7. Ednowain Bendcw. Argent, a chev-*
ron between three boars heads couped
fable. Defcendants, men of Bithellsj^
FUntfliire,

8. Edwin ap Grono^ Argent, a crofs
flofy engrailed fable between four Corniih
choughs.

9. Head Molwynog. Sable, a flag
flanding argent.

E 4 10. Evnydd

56 NAMES AND ARMS, C^c.

10. Evnydd ap Morien. Azure, a lion
rampaat or. Defcendants, men of Aling-
ton and DyfFryn Clwyd, in Denbighftiire.

1 1. Maeloc Crwm. Argent, on a chev-
ron fable three angels kneeling or.

12. Gwerydd ap Rhys G6ch. Argent, .
on a bend fable three leopards faces of
the firft.

13. March weithian. Gules, a lion
rampant argent, armed, &c. azure,

14. Nevydd Hardd. Argent, three
fpears heads eyed fable, imbrued gules.
Defcendants, nlen of Nantconway.

15. CoUwyn ap Tangno. Sable, a
chevron between three fleurs de lys ar-

ft

gent.

r

THE

NAMES AND ARMS

O F

ENGLISHMEN,

AND OTHERS,

I

Who came to be poffefled of Eftates

in WALES,

And have fettled there for feveral Age^.

1

1

jf

I

THE

NAMES AND ARMS

O P

ENGLISHMEN, and others, who came
to be poffeffed of Eftates in WALES,

I. X HE Salifburies. Gules, a lion
rampant argent between three crefcents
or, crowned of the third.

2. The Paleftons. Argent, on a bend
fable three mullets of the firft.

3. The Herberts. Party per pale a-
zure and gules, three lions rampant ar-
gent.

4. The

'€o NAMES AND ARMS OF

4. The Bidkeleys. Sable, a chevron
between three bulls heads caboched ar-
gent.

'^ .. ■ ■ .

5. The Conwa^^s. Sable, on a bend

argent, cottifed ermine, three rofes gules.

I. •

6. The Hollands. Azure, feme fleurs
de lys, a lion rampant guardant argent. ~

7. The Thelwalls. Gules, a chevron
argent between three boars heads couped
argent, three trefoils of the firft, and
feme a fefs or inftead of a chevrpn,

• * • • •

8. Ofborn Wydel. Ermine, a faltier
gules> acrefcent.or, for difference. .

9. Peke. Cheeky, argent and gules,
two bends ermine, the finifter furmount-
ing the dexten.

10. Hookes. Argent, a chevron be-
tween three owls azure.

II. Langford*

ENGLISHMEN, (^c: 6i

11. Langford. Gules^ a fhelldrake
argent.

12. Griffith ap Jenkln. Sable, ^chev-
ron betvj^een three owls argent.

13. Idio'Wylt. Argent, a lion ram-
pant fable; head, feet,, and tail, of the
firft.

14. Gunter. Sable, three dexter gaunt*
lets argent.

15. Gray. Barry, argent and azure.

*

16. Pigot. Ermine, three lozenges in
a bordure engrailed fable.

17. Here. Gules, a chevron argent
between three fea-birds fable, their bel-
lies argent.

18. Brereton. Quarterly, i and 4r ar-
gent, two bars fable; 2 and 3, argent, a
chevron between three crefcents gules.

€z NAMES ANI> ARMS OF'

19. Yfwittan Wyddel. Barry waty,
argent and azure, in fefs three fea-^guUs.

I

. 20, Rodri. Vert, three ftag^ heads id
'bend> and m the dexter caotoir a ro£fc or^

^0.1. <5ar»t Grocb* SaWe, a fword in
f atle poirtled downwards, with the fcab-»
bard and belt argent ; on the finifter.fidis
a Catherine* wheel of the fecond.

22. Twnkyn of ShocklidgCi Azufc,
three fifbes^ their heads meeting in fefs-«
point ar^nfi»

23. Newton, Argent, a crofs flory- fa-
ble, the flowers or.

24.. Doon. Barry of 8, argent and
«2urc, on a bcdd gules throe arrows % .
of the firft.

25. Button. Argent, a bend fabk.

26. Bottler*

ENQ1..ISHMEN, £5?|. €3

d6» Buttlef. AwLK, a beod between
fix covered cops or.

27. Strange. Gules, two lions paflant
afgept..

fiS:« Brytaeo. Argent>. a boar ikble*.

29. Lodlow. Argent, a lion rampant
fable.

30. Herwr. Argent, on a bend fable
three horfe-ihoes of the firil.

3 1 • Corbet. Argent, a raven proper.

32. Bridges, Argent, on a crofs fable
a leopard's face or.

33. Whyte. Sable, on a chevron be-
tween two handed -cups argent three
martlets of the firft.

34. Gerard. Quarterly, i and 4, a-

zure.

64 NAMES AND ARMS OF

zuK, a lion rampant ermine i 2 and 2$
argent^ three torteauxes gules between
two bendlets fable.

35. Bowld, Quarterly, 1 and 4, ar-
gent, a raven's head erafed proper; 2
and 3, barry of fix pieces^ argent and
azure.

36. Ireland. Gules, fix fleurs de lys *
32 argent.

37. Troughton of Bodlew. Sable,' on
a chevron between three fwans heads if-
fuing out of a ducal coronet proper,
three pellets fable.

38. Twifletbn. Argent, a chevron be-
tween three moles fable,

39. Aihpool. Party per fefs gules and
argent, three Egyptians heads counter-
changed.

40. Lacie,

ENGLISHMEN, e<fr. 65

40. Lacie, Earl of Lincoln. Gules^
feme of croflets or, feven malkles voided

33 ^°^ ^*

41. Brcrcton of Burras. Barry of 5
pieces argent and fable.

42. Knowfley. Or, a chevron between
three Cornifh choughs,

43. Rigfton. Argent, on a bend, be-
tween two fleurs de lys fable, three ftahd-
ing cups with of the firft,

44* H^pmer of Hanmer. Argent, two
lions pafTant guardant in pale harry azure.

45. Dolben. Sable, a helmet between
three pheons argent.

46. Panton of Bagillt. Gules^ two
bars ermine^ on a canton fable a ter-de-
moulin argent.

F 47. Vernon

66 NAMES AND ARMS, ^c.

47. Veroon of Cheftiire. Or, on a
fefs azure three garbs of the firft,

48. Myvods, Vert, five bezants in
faltier or,

49. Bonvillc. Argent, on a chief ^ule$
three trefoils flipped proper,

50. Cafter of Kinmel. Azure, a tal^

bot paflant between tKrec oval bucWes

r-

E R

FROM

Dr. LLOYD,

BISHOP OF ST. ASAPH'S.

T Q

Mr. THOMAS PRICE,

Of Llanvyllin» in Denbighjhire^

CONCERNING

JEFFRE-r of MONMOUTH'S
HISTORY.

F 2

Vw ^

ta97.

E T T E R

SIR,

FROM

Dr. LLOYD.

w

HEN you fhewed me
thofe pieces of Robert . de Torinneio,
and Henry, archdeacon of Huntingdon,
and Alfred, treafurer of the church of
Beverley, which Mr. Morris had tran-
fcribed into his Book of CoUedlions, I
did guefs that they were all written after
the publifliing of Jeffrey Arthurs Hifto-
ry, and that it was out of his fabulous
work that thofe authors had taken what
they writ of our Britifh Kings.

, F 3 This

yo LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

This was then my opinion upon the
firft view of thcfe pieces at your houfe;
but having borrowed tht book, and read
it over at Llwydiarth, from whence I
ordered it to be brought back to your
houfe, upon this hafty reading of thofe
pieces forementioncd I favfr enough to
aflure me that I was not miftaken in my
opinion. And I believe you will be of
the fame mind when you have read the
account I am now giving you of thofe
authors, and of the things which I ob-
ferved in reading them, or rather in run-
iTing through them, for I had not time
}K> do more. And take notice all along,
while you are reading thefe papers, that
J diftinguifh between the things that I
fay as only my conjedure, and the things
of which I am certain. The former,
that is, my conjedure, I deliver as being
luot greatly material to our purpofe, tho'
perhaps they may give it fome illuftra-
tion, and may afford you entertainment
by the way i bUt for the proving of that

which

IfO MR. tHOMAS PRICE. 71

^^hich I have faid, I rely upon thofe
things which I take to be certain, and
no other.

X

\

Firft, then, for Robert de TortnneiOy as
he calls himfelf, monk of Bec^ as either
he or Huntingdon tells us. Torigriey is
la town in the bifhoprick of Bayeux, in
the Lower Normandy. It was a confi^der-
lable town in that age, as you may fee in
Cuil. Gemetic€njis^. There it feems that
this Robert was born ; from thence he ,
had his name : and that in the year 1 139
he was monk of Bee, in Normandy, ap*
J)eafs by Henry Huntingdon's Epiftle.
This Robert, as it appears by that piece
in your collection, took upon him to
publifh an edition of Sigeber/s Chroni--
€ony for the honour and fervice of his
country. He interpolated it, as he him-
felf tells us, with the Dukes and Bifliops
of Normandy. And becaufe in ^lis time

* Guil. Gemet. de Ducibus Normandiae, vii. 29.

F 4, the

7z LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

theT)ukes of Normandy were alfo Kings
of England, therefore, as he alfo tells us, *
he put in the Kings of England that
reigned after Bede\ time. And becaufc
.his copy of Sigebert ended abbut the
year iioo, he continued Sigebert* % Chro-
nicon from that time till the year 1 1 50.
AH this he tells us in that piece in your
colledion, which appears to have been

•

his Preface to his edition of Sigeberft
Cbronicon*

From hence I obferve, that your Ro^
hert lived and writ in the year 1 1 50, or
fome time after, and therefore that your
Robert might very well have read our
Jeffrey's Hiftory : for Jeffrey, as it ap-
pears by his Preface, dedicated his Hif-
tory to Rpbert, Earl of Gloucefler, who
died in Nov. 1146, which was {bmc
years before the year 11 50, in or after
which your Robert writ the piece in
your colie<3:ion.

Having

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 73

Having fliewcd that this Robert writ
fomc years after our Jeffrey, I have done
as much as I propofed ; and I need not
trouble myfelf any further to (hew that
he can be no voucher for the truth of
any of thofe things that Jeffrey fays of
our Britifh affairs : for it cannot be de-
nied that Jeffrey might be his author,
and then what does Robert's antiquity
fignify? If the things that he fays of
our Britifh hiflory might be taken out
of Jeffrey, for ought we know, the very
poflibility of this were enough to over-r
throw his teftimony in this cafe. ^ But I
(hall Ihew, that there is more than a bare
pofSbility, when I come to confider of
Henry Huntingdon % Epiftle; for from
thence it will appear, that Robert not
only might have feen Jeffrey^s Hiftory,
but that he adtually faw it, and that Jef-
frey was his author for what he writ of
the Briti(h affairs.

r

In the mean time, I (hall give you a

conjedlure

r^f

\

74 LETTER FROM DR. LLOTD

conjcia-urc of mine in this place concern*
ing that I intimated before in the Preface
of my Hijiorical Account of the Englijh
Church ^Government in Great ^Britain*
There I fliewcd that Sigcbert died in the
year 1 1 1 3 ; ihould have faid in 1 1 1 2, as
it is expreflly faid in the continuation of
his Chronicle, publiflicd by Jo&n Pifto^
rius^ at Prancfort. But there alfo I (hew-
ed that Jeffrey writ his Hiftory after the
death of King Henry I. which was in
the year 1135; and yet there Idemon^
ftratcd, that feveral things out of JeflPrey*s
Hiftory are taken verbatim and foifted
into the common editions of Sigcbert*s
Chronicle. From hence I inferred, , that
there is no relying upon the authority of
Sigebert in thofe common editions for
the proof of thofe things that Jeffrey
has in his Britifli Hiftory. For though
it cannot be faid that Sigebert had thofe
things from Jeffrey, yet can it be truly
faid, that thofe things were not Sige-
bcrt's, but another's that borrowed them
from our Jeffrey.

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 75

NoWy for the proof of this, which I
formerly faid, viz. that the things which
Sigebert had concerning our Britifh Kings
were not Sigeiert's, but fome other au-
thor's. For this I cannot wifh a better
proof than your Robert gives me: for
he fays in his Preface, in your collection,
that Sigebert mentions not one King of
Britain h\it AureliusAmbrqfius. It is plain,
then, that the other Britifli Kings that
are in Sigebert* s were not his, but added
by fome other that lived after the coming
forth of Jeffrey's Hiftory.

This is certain. But now for the con-
jefture I mentioned. I fee your Robert
declares that he publifhed an edition of
^igebertt interpolated with the Kings of
England after Bede's time, and with a
continuation till the year 11 50. I fee
that this of Robert ie ^orinneio in your
collection is his Preface to his edition
of Sigebert. I guefs therefore that your
Robert de Torinneio is the fame with that

Robert

76 LETTER FROM. DR. LLOYD

Robert de Monte^ whofe appendix is
printed with Sigebert ; and that your R(h
bert\ edition of Sigebert^ to which the
Preface in your colie<3:ion belongs, is the
fame, or nearly the fame, that is publifli*
ed by Fijlorius. I fay nearly the fame 5
for I confefs, that in this edition which
Fiftorius has publifhed I do not find that
account of the Dukes aad BiQiops of
Normandy which is mentioned in your
Preface. But here I find the Kings of
England after Bede's time, and I find
before Bede's time thofe things faid of
the Britifh Kings in their feveral places
in Sigebert's Chronicle, which are taken
word for word out of Jeffrey ; tho', for
Sigebert himfelf, we have your Robert's
word for it, that he mentioned but one
of all thofe Kings. And for that one
King he had authors with whom Jejrey
is not to be named.

That your Robert de Torinneio is the
fame with Robert de Monte] the continu-

ator

I

TO MR. tHOMAS PRICE. 77

ator oi Sigebert^ is only my conjedlure;
which I do not lay any ftrcfs upon in this
caufe, but becaufe it conies in my way,
and perhaps will be acceptable to you.
I will give you the reafbn of my opinion^
I believe that your Robert de Tarinneto,
monk of Bee, went by no other name
or title till' the year 11 50, as it appicars
by your Preface. But the Robert de Monte
that continued Sigebert was alfo a monk
of BeCf in Normandy ; as himfelf fays in
feveral places of his Continuation, parti-
cularly at the year 1 1 80, where by the
way I obferve that he fpeaks of .Robert
Fitz-Hamon, Lord of Torigny, without
any great occaiion for it, befides his own
relation to the place, where I fuppofe he
was born, and from thence had his name
de Torinneio. There alfo he fpeaks of
Roger, abbot of Bec^ who died in the
year ri8o, and there he hath thefe words
of Roger : " In his time there were taken
out of the church of Bee twelve abbots
to govern other churches, and I that
- write

7 8 LETTER f ROM DR. * LLOYD

write thefe things was the fecond of thofe
twelve/' But, faith he, this Roger go^
verned the monaftcryt of Bee 31 years
wanting ten d^y^. Now^ take this ninn*»
her out of i iSo^ there ra:nftins xi4J9t in
which year Roger came to the abbot of
Bec^ and after his being abbot of Beci
feith this Robert, ** there were twclYo
ixionks taken out of this monaftery t6
govern other churches, whereof I was thd
iJfcpnd." WhWrpyt this Robert had in
ch wch-governnaent gippears by his Mn^e i
for this Robert de Monte was fo dallcd >
as being abbot of Mwt St^ Mkimtli in ^
ferictdo maris.

We know next how foo© it was jiftet
the ye^r 1149 that he cstme imto th*t
prelaty \ h^t in the year n 55 he hdra-^
ftlf tiells us he wiis then at Mirit&tiMi^
ckael. In the year 11*1 he fpeaks of
himfelf, among othfers, being godfather
to the Lady Eleanor, the King's daugh-*
ter, who was born zi Dat^fronty injm

neigh*

TO MR, THOMAS PRICE. 7^

neighbourhood. Again, he mentions him-»
fclf, as abbot of Mont St. Michael, in the
years 1163, 1172, X175, 1177, and 1181,
whi^h is his lafl mention of himfelf.
And foon after this year he feems to have
died, 'though another hath continued his
work until the year 1210. You may
find this Robert de Monte in the Nortm^
nia Sacra, if you would know any thing
more of him« But this thaf I have
ihewed . is more than enough for my
purpofe. I guefs that in or foon after
the year 1 150 he writ your Preface'; and
then, being a fimple monk, he was cal-
led from the place of his birth Jtoherttts
4e "forinneia. Afterwards, being made
abbot of Mont St. Michael before-men-»
tioned, hityrs&,c9X\^di Robertusde Monte,
by which name he continued the work
as long as he lived ; and he lived to a
great age, viz. s^bove 80 years, as we
may reafonahly judge by the things that
J have mcntione4 out of his own writ-
ipgSt

This

So LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

This Robert, when he writ the t^re-
face that you have to his edition of Sige-
bert's, thought fit to publifti with it the
Epiftle of Henry of Huntingdon, a$
well to recommend himfelf to the world
by the good charaSer that Henry did
give of him. in that Epiftle, as alfo to
(hew that fo famous an hiftorian as £&/«-
tingdon was at that time gave no lefs
credit than he did himfelf to thofe things
that they had read in our Jeffrey. This
was neceflary enough for one that had
made fuch . a bold adventure, as he did^
by putting* fuch unheard-of things into
Sigebert's Chronicle. But now for Kenry:
Huntingdon's Epiftle*

' This EpiflJe is plainly the fame which
Sir Henry Savilr^ tells us he found in the
MSS.' copies of Huntingdon's works:
for, faith he, there was another epiftle
adWarinum Britonem de Serie Regum Bri-*

r

♦ H. flunt. Savilii, p. 22 1, i6. .

tannorum

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 8i

tannorum ex Golf redo Arthuro^ But your
Bpiflle of Huntingdon is ad Warinum
Britonem^ and the fubje<fl of it is whol-
ly of the fucccflion of our Brkifli
Kings J and in the clofe of this Epiftle
he tells us whence he had this fucceP-
fion ; namely^ from Jeffrey Arthur^ ia
his Hiftory de Regibus Britonum. There
can be nothing plainer than this. I had
formerly obferved*, that Henry of Hun^
tingdon writ the firft feven books of his
Hiftory before the death of Alexander^
bi(hop of Lincoln ; for he dedicated his
work to him^ as you may fee p^ 169 of
Savirs edition. And to him alfo our
Jeffrey dedicates his edition of Merlin*^
Prophecies. But this Alexander died in
the year of our Lord 1148, and in the
13th yty; of King Stephen^ as Hunting-
don tells us ; fo that in or before A. D.
1 148 both Henry and Jeffrey had pub- ,
lifhed thofe books which they dedicated
to this bifliop of Lincoln.

• H. Hunt. Savilii, p. aady.

I had

8z LETTER FROM DR. LLQYP

I had alfo obferved*, tbiit both th«i#
4ediqatiops were made in t\» yicar 1139^
or rather fooner : for at the Jtim^ when
Huntingdon d^cat^d bis feveaa bocjcs to
the biftiop of Lincgln^ thi^ biftiop ww
then, as Hunfingdon faith ia vgffe^ Prin^
(ieps42 Rege jkcundus^ Not that he was
^ next man to the King, b^ that he
jf2A % great favourite to the couf t. And
therefore Huntingdon jha« ja4df dfes him :
* •: Praful Alexander ^ qui fios et cucumen
r^gm etgintfs e^i videris,'' In lik^ roan-
apr wx Jeffrey, Caiife of him, in the pror
l^ue of his 4th bopk, '^ Non.eri^ lAttr
ij% derq in,popuh% cui tot Jamulortntur ner-
i^k^y!: ijpcskicg pf the time wh<5n hp
%wne^ M'erlin' i Pnopkecy into Latin. But
it /was in the yqaf i J39 that thi« bifliop;
of liincoln fell into difgrace with King

Sfipff^n^ who topic from him. big «aftlc$

of .Nelvark and Stafford; and tho^h the

li^ep wfcatbered QUt the flormi yet hci

• H, Hunt, S.3ivili^ p. 169, 59.

t ^ never

J

TO MR. THCMVIAS PRICE. 83

ti^isr recovered his greatncfs. For thefe
rfi^oos, I am of opinion diat both Henry
(fef Himthgdon writ his /even firft books,
mA our Jeffrey writ his Britiih Hiftory,
in or "before the year 1 1 39.

'But tioWj by this EpiAle of Hunting-^
donSf I find, that >tbis is certainiy true
as to Jeffrey's Hiftory : for Huntingdon
tells our countryman Waritiy that he faw
Jeffrey's Hiftory* in that very year. He
faith, th^t he faw it as he was going to
Rome with J^heobald^ archbi^flidp iof G?;^-
terhury^ who went thither in the yeat
i 1 319, ibon after Chriftmas, as one au--
ihor'tcffls ua, or, as another author »more
particularly, abou:t the feaft of St. Hila-
ry, with Alberic, the Pope's legate, to
attend at Jiis council in Rome in Mid-
lem following. In his way thither Hun-
tingdon came to the mouaftery of Bec^
where Theobald was formerly abbot;

* App. Thor. Wigorix.

G z and

/^

84 LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

and there, faith he, Jiupens invent, 6cCi
with aftonifhment I found what I had
often fought for, but could never find
before in any book, viz. ari account of
the Kings of the Britons before Caefar's
time. And he tells where he found it,
viz. in a book that was (hewed him by
a monk there, Robert de Torinneio : which
book, in the end of his Epiftle, he tells
^ us tvas Jeffrey Arthurs de Regibus Bri-^
tonum.

s

From hence it is plain that Jeffrey's
Hiftory was firft publiflied in the year
1138 : for if it had come out fooner, it
could not have efcaped fo inquifitive a
man as Henry of Huntingdon Was. It
could have been no fuch news to him,
when he found it there in that monaftery.
This difcovery of the year when Jeffrey's
Hiftory was firfl publiflied, I am to thank
you for, upon many accounts; for it
clears to me divers things in the writers
of that age, of which I cannot now give

you

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 85

you an account particularly^ as I hope I
may do it hereafter. ^

But this one thing I fhall ^ell you at
prefent, which is not ialtogether bcfide
my purpofc. I have oftentimes mufed
why our Jeffrey , who was himfelf twenty
years biihop of St. Afapb^ fhould take
no notice of the founder of this fee.
He hath fomething of St. Davids and of
Daniel of Bangor y and two or three other
bifhops of the Britons, but not a word
of our Kentigern, nor any other of his
predeceiTors. This, indeed, I ihould have
taken very ill of him, but that I found
that he had ignorance enough to excufe
any omiffion. The few truths that he

«

lighted upon, and prickt in here and
there among his fictions, are fo crudely
delivered, and fo confounded with his
miftakes, that it had been almofl as good
that they had been quite lofl, as that
they had been no otherwife preferved.
But for his omitting our Kentigern and

G 3 Afaph,

86 LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

Afaph^ and the reii of oar brfliopc^ it
might be faid, that .when Jeffrey writ
his Hiftory he had then no relation to
this fee ; for he was df Bmtb-lVaks^ I
fiippofe, as he Was archdeacon of Mm--
mouth : and he was confecrated hiihap
of Sf. AJaph *, by arcbbifhop Theobald^
the 23d of February, 1150 j which was
not tUl fpme years after he had writ hia
Hiftory. And for Gilbert^ who was Jef-»
firey's immediate pifedecefibr in this iee^
though I beliete neiibdr of thera c^et
faw it, he was confccrated brfliop of %U
Afaph in the year ii43> ^1 *^^ i^uM
archbifliop : but firom Afaph to Gilbert I
cannot find any mention of any biftiop
of this fee in any author whatfoeven
But now, as to the reiafon of this omif-^
fion of Jeffrey's, I am. pretty well fatiA
fied : for in the Norman times, and ef-*
pecially under King Henry L there wa$
a great devaftation of this part of. the

* Gervaf. Cliron. in Bee's CoJlefl-. p. 1367. 20.

countryj

m

TO t^R. THOMAS PRICE. - • »7

country, irifomuch that no bifliop comld
live here. So 1 find it in the year 1 124,
pro vajlitate et barbaric epifcopo vacant*
tem'^j arid therefore I do not wonder
that Henry of Huntingdon, in that part of
his Hiftory which ends at the death of
King Henry I. viz. at the year 11351
faith of Wales, that there remained iri
it three bifhopricks, one at St. DaviJ's,
another at Bangor, and a third at G/^-
motgan : he hath no mention of St. A-*
fdph I which (heWS that it was not theii
remaining. And now I find that 6\xi
Jeffrey writ his Hiftory in the year 1 138/
♦vbich w^s five years before Gilbert came
io have the title of bifhop of St. Afapbi
I conclude that there was no bifhop there
at the time when out Jeffrey writ hii
Hiftory. It is very poffible that fo igno-^
rant a perfon as he was might not know
there ever had been a bi(hop of that fee;
And I dare fay he was no prophet 5 tho'

♦ Stubs de Pont. Ebor. p. 1718. 53.

G 4 I be-

18 LETTER FROM DR. LLOVD

I believe, as Nubrigenjis did, th^t be
made thofe prophecies himfelf which
he fathered upon Merlin: yet I believe
he could not forefee that there would be
a bi(hop of Si. Afapb within five years
after, nluch lefs that he fhould be bifliop
of that fee within 12 years after the
writing of his Hiftory*

Next for Alfred of Beverley ^ whoa)»
as I remember, you took to be treafurer
of York, but indeed he was treafurer of
the college of Beverley ^ of which college
the proper title was the church of St.
John, archbifhop of X^^^9 ^t Beverley 5
and fo, as I remember, it is caUed in
your coUedlion. This jilfred writ two
books of hiftory, which you have in your
collediion. The firft is De gejifs regalibus
Regum Britannite. The fecond is De gef*
its Regulorum et Regum Angii^f which
extends from the beginning of Hengifi
till the death of King Henry I. which
was in his 35th year, though the title
promifeth till his 28 th year.

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 89

. But our bufinefs is only with the firfl:
book. He faith. In diebus Jilentii nojiri^
when we could not give God the things that
were God's, et tamen cogeAamur, quia
printer prafentem excommunicatorem mul-*
(itudinem fecundum Londinenfis concilii de^
cretum a divinis ceffeiamus, et regiis exac^
tionibus affliSli, vitam .agebamus tadiojam,
graffante opprejfione qua expulfis, .ad regis
i^SBum de fidibus fuis ecdejice nofira co^
lumnis diu graviterque vexatus fum. He
faith. In thofe miferable times, ab boris
canonicis vacabam \ and yet not then alto-
gether idle, faith he, I fell to read fuch
books as I could get. He goeth on in
thefe words : " Ferebantur tunc temporis
per ora multorum narrationes de bijioria
Britonum. And thefe, he tells us, were
grown fo much in vogue, that he was
counted a clown that had no knowledge
of fuch narrations. It feems that poor
Alfred was one of thofe clowns, for he
faith of himfelf, I was a(hamed in all
companies, quia prcefatam bijioriam nec^

dum

>

90 LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

dum aitigeram. S^uid plura? ^afivi hif-

toriam et ea vix indent a. It feems ificre

»

was fcarcc any copy of it to be bad,
they were ail fo cafcbt up ; but at laft
with mqch ado Alfred borrowed a copy^
and, iaitb he, ** I fet iftyfelf to read it,
and I would have tranfcribed it, but I had
no time, and I was not rich enough to
be at the charge of anofher*s tranfcfibing
it for me, and therefore, as far as my
time would permit, de preefata biftoria
deflorare Jiuduiy He did not abridge
every thing that was in the book, but
left out, as he him£blf faith, fuch things
as were incredible. I obferve, for exam-
ple, th2X Alfred left out the old wives,
tales of Arthur's killing the giants. But|
he took in all the romantic ftory of Ar-^ |^
ihur'% viftory over Lucius Hiberusy and
all the other Kings between India and
Spain I that imprudent filly romance
poor Alfred thought was not incredible^
And yet Alfred was not quite a ftranger
to good books ; for, faith be, ^* When I

had

TO MR. THOMAS PRICS. ^t

had made diefe extrafts," which no doubt
are tlw Dt^fbratknes Galfridi which Bale
and Pift9 fpeak of^ a$ I observed in my
Preface? fo^cmemion^d ; ^^ then, faith Al-
fred, I fet myfelf for to read other au-
thofg, rtz^ Juftiji, Suetonius, Eutropius,
Orofiu^^ Gildas, and Bede, to fee tvttat
diey had vrhick Was not in this Hifioria
BritonufnJ* And what thejr had more-
be added to his ^tra<3:S : ihefe things
together i»ad^ up his firil book, as he
tells therd In his Frsfaice.

Now, thit t^e Hifiorid Britmum here
mentioned w« no pthcr but Jeffreys
Hiftory, I did guefs before \ {v^ Alfred i
and I told you the reafon, becaiife of the'
book of Alfred's writing which is men-
tioned by Bale and Pitts under the^name
oi Deflor at tones Galfridi. But now I am
certain it is Jeffrey's, by what I find in
Alfred himfelf. There are divers paflages
by which I could prove this, but I fliall
mention but one, which is enough to

put

92 LETTER FROM DR, LLOYD

put this matter out of queftion. It is in
the 5th part of Alfred's firft book, where,
giving an account of King Arthur's keep-
ing his Whitfunday at Cacrleon, he faith,
the Britifh Hiftory reckons up all the
kings and Princes that were there with
him ; and adds, at laft, prater bos nan
remanfit Princeps alicujus pretii citra
Hifpaniam^ qui ad ijiud ediSium non ve-
fiiret. They are the very words of our
Jeffrey in the 4th chapter of the 7th book
of, his Britifti Hiftory, which Alfred hath
been fpeaking of all this while: they
were Jeffrey's Narrationes^ ox tales, that
filled all mens mouths; and poor Alfred
was accounted a clown for knowing no-
thing of them until he got Jefrefz bookj^
which made him apiple amends^ by fet«
ting him up for an hiftorian*

This is fo certain, and fo plain, to my
thinking, that I fhould wonder William
Morris had not feen it while he was tran-
fcribing this book, but that I fee what it

was

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 93

was that mifled him in the entrance of
his work. He faw, in the beginning of
the Preface, that immediately before Al-
fred came to nieet with his Britilh Hif-
tory there was a ceflation of divine of-
fices in the church, on account of the
multitude of them that were exconmiu-
nicated, according to a decree of a coun-
cil of London; and that, at the fame
time, they of Beverley were oppreffcd
with the King's exadtions, and that by
an edid of the King the chief pillars of
the church were driven forth, to the great
grief of poor Alfred, The reading of
this put Mr. Morris upon an enquiry at
what time all thefe things fhould be :
and he pitched upon the fecond year of
King Henry I. when indeed there was a
council of London ; and either then, or
foon after, the King made great exa<£li6ns
upon his people. Now, if this had been
the time which Alfred fpeaks of in his
Preface, then indeed there had beeh fbme
occafion to imagine that the Britifli Hif-

tory

\

94 LETTEft FROM X>R. ILOKD

tory mefitipQo^ by Aif^at had b$eo a^io^
ther, that had been wfittes bcj&f^ tb^t
pf J^rey of Mmmmtk .' for it is ciert^ia
that Jg^// wrijt his after the ^^th tA
King Henry J. for Jicffrey hiwfetf miBfl'*
txo^s it in hi3 Prefijice.

Rut a« I hay^^ ^lanifefl^y fr^pv.ed <th«

it was Jeffrey"^ Hiflory, awJ ijo q«her#
that Alfred ipeaks pf fb oftea iindej th«
iwroe Okf HifiorU Brit^mum^ fp ^ js i^rr
tain that the itime Alfred ^>«i^kt$ of i^ > hid
Preface was not ^he tirae yU^ Mq^His h4l
pitched upon, hut iom^ oth^ ^\v^ nfi-er
the year a 1 3.8, i,a which Jcffr€y pi>feJifl:>€d
his Hiftory. ' r

That it was APt the f$c(md year of
Kin^ H<nry L ti^^ i vqx^ it appcfir^ bei>
caufe thp Aate of Hthmgs at ^at tjasa*
does not fully aafvyer Aifred*^ dtfcrifK
tion. There was then, indeed, aiCoun-^
cil at London^ as ihcre was very <rft-e«
before and after 1 but then there. was no

interdift.

I

kl

I

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 9^

laterdid, no ceilktion of dime offices
in the chuxch, that we rend of m any
hiftory. There werp alio about that time
great exax^ions, as tljkete ^were frcqqeatly
in the ttpe of the Nprmao Kings ; but
there was no King's ediftj that we read
of, for the banilhing of them, that were
the pillars of thp ch«ircbj out of Bever^
ley* or any other place, that I know of.:
I will not ftand tp prove negatives, antt
the matter 4oes not need it; for it ia
certain ithgt all this defcription belongs
to aaother year, which was long encA^
after ^he publiflwng of Jeffrey's Hiftoiy. :

It is certalnj that 09 Midlent^Ssinda^r^
March 30, 1 147, F^peEug^nm the IJId,
being. then ia council at Rhemes, depo^
WHliaca^ archhiihpp of York, who was
fof» ^p Kipg Stephcn'is jjfter, becaufe he
wa«. f^id to be ele&ed upon the Kiog's
aomination. It is certain, alfo, that, after
long debate about this, rfie Pope himfelf,.
then at Triers, confccrated his own friend

and

\

96 LETIER FROM DR. LLOYD

and fellow-monk JJHenry Murdac to be
archbifhop in his ftead, on Sunday the
7th of December, in the fame year*
The next year Henry Murdac came into
England to be enthroned i but the King^
would not own him as archbifhop, nor
would the city of York receive him.
They of the clergy that would own him,
had their livings taken from them, fome
were cruelly beaten, and all wcfrc banifh*
cd out of the city; by which all the au-
thors and inflruments of this violence
incurred the fcntence of excommunica-
tion, by virtue of the decree of the coun*
cil of London in the year 1 1 43 . Here-
upon archbifhop Henry interdided the
city, and excommunicated all thofe that
were againft him throughout his whdl^
province. By v^rhich means, having -made
the country too hot for him to live in,
he went to David, King oJF Scotlandy who
jyas then at Carlifle, and there he kept
himfelf out of harm's way. The mext
year, vi^. 1 1 49, King Stepheo came to

York,

TO MR. THQMAS PRICE. 97

York,, for fear the Scottifli King fliould
invade him upon this occafion ; and then
underftanding that the clergy of Bever-^
ley had owned the new archbifhop with-
out his leave, he came thither himfelfi
and laid fines upon divers. What he did
there befides I do not find, fave that he
would have built a caftle there, if St.
John oi Beverley had not deterred him
by a vifion. Diu graviterque vexatus
fum^ faith poor Alfred, wljo lived then
at Beverley. It was from the beginning
of the yea^ii38, till toward the end of
the year 11 50, that, the clergy and peo-
ple of that place were, as it were, kept
upon the rack, and torn with violence,
between the King and his officers on the
one hand, and the archbifhop backed by
the Pope on the other. At laft the King
was fain to fubmit : but that . concerneth
not the bufincfs in hand, I was onfy tp *
ihcw you the time of thofe troubles that
Alfred defcribed in his Preface, and that
I fuppofe I have done to your fatisfa<Sion.

H I have

98 LETTER FROM DR. LLOYD

I have (hewn that there was a council of
London in the year 1143, by whofe de-
cree all thofe were to be excommunicated
that ihould oiFer any violence to th^ cler-
gy. I have fhewn that in the year 1 143:
and aftef, there were many that did offer
violence to the clergy, and therefore were
fubjed: to be excommunicated by the de-
cree of that council. I have fliewn: that
multitudes were excommunicated by the
archbifhop of York ; and that he pub-
lifhed an interdid in his province, upon
which there was a ceflation of divine of*
fices in the church. I have fliewn that
the King did exad upon thofe that obey*-
ed the archbifliop, and that at Beverley,
where though I have not read he drove
away them that were the pillars of the
church, yet I read that he did this at
York ; and he had the fame reafon tp do
it at Beverley. I have fliewn that this
miferable eftate of that church continued
long enough to have that doleful defcrip-
tion in Alfred^ and that this was after the

time

TO MR. THOMAS PRICE. 99

time in which Jeffrey p«bli(hed his Hif-
tory, viz. after the year 1138, and yet
not fo long but that Alfred had not feen
Jeffrey's Hiflory before thefe troubles jn
his churchy though many others had feea
it, and their mouths were full of Jeffrey's
narrations, and Alfred was accouiited an

m

ignoramus for being a ftranger to them
at that time ; which had been an unrea-
fonable cenfure upon him, if this had
been foon after the publifhing of Jeffrey's
Hiflory. Books did not fpread then as
they do now, fince the iavention of
printing. v^^^.^s_.v«

^^

H X

AM

ACCOUNT

OF THE

Difcovery of America^

B Y

MADOC AP OWEN GWYNEDD,
In the Year 1170,

More' than 300 Years before the Voyage of

Columbus*

H

\

THK NEW YORK!

PUBMCUBRARyl

1897.

^ T

A N

AC C O U N

OF THB

Difcovery of America.

wmmimmmammmm

T

HESE prefents may certify all per-
fons whatfoever. That in the year 1669,
I being then an inhabitant in Virginia,
and chaplain to Major-'General Bennet,
Sir William Berkeley fent two ihips to
I fearch the place which then was called
the Port-Royal, but now South-Carolina,
which is 60 leagues to the Southward of
Cape Fair ; and I was fent thither with
them to be their minifter.

H 4 Upon

104. AN ACCOUNT OF THE

Upon the 8th' day of April we fet out
from Virginia, and arrived at the har-
bour's mouth of Port- Royal the igth of
the fame month; where we waited for
the reft of the fleet that was to come .
from Barbadoes and Bermudas with one
Mr. Weft, who was to be Deputy-Go-
vernor of the faid place. As foon as the ,
fleet came in, the fmall veflels that were
with us went up the river to a place cal-
led the Oyfter-Point, for we durft not
go up with the great ftiips becaufe of
the bar of fand that was before the har-
bour's mouth.

After we were feated, I ftaid there be-
tween feven and eight months, till the
loth of November following ; at which
tinie, being almoft ftarved for want of
provifions, I and five more took our flight
fi;om thence, and travelled through the
wildernefs till we came to the Tufcorara
country, where the Tufcorara Indians
took us prifoners, becaufe we told them

we

DISCOVERY OF JMERICJi. 105

we were bound for Roanoake, for they
then had war^ with the Englifh at Roa-
noake; and they carried us into their
town that nighty and fhut us up in a
houfe by purfelves, and the next day held
a Macchcomoco about us, which after it
was over, their interpreter came to us,
and told us that we muft fit ourfelves
to die next morning : whereupon, being
fomething caft down, and fpeaking to
this efFed: in the Britifli tongue, •* Have
I efcaped fo many dangers, and muft I
now be knocked on the head like a
dog ?'* an Indian came to me, who after-
wards appeared to be a war-captain be-
longing to the Sachin of the Doegs,
(whofe original I found muft needs be
from the WeKh,) and took me up by the
middle, and told me in theBritifh tongue
I Ihould not die; and thereupon went
to the Emperor of the Tufcoraras, and
agreed for my ranfom and the men that
were with me, and paid it the next day.
Afterwards they carried us to their town,'

• . and

jo5 AN ACCOUNT OF Tl^

abd enterjEained us civilly for four months;
and I did converfe with them of many
things in the Britifh tongKe^ and did
preach to them three time$ a week ii|
the Britiih tongue^ and they wpvld ufu*
ally confer with me about any thing that
was difHcult to them : and when we came
from them they {hewed themselves very
civil and courteous to us.

They are feated upon Pantigo river,
sot far from Cape Atros. Tbis is aTc-
cital of my travels among the Doeg In-
dians.

MORGAN JONES,
New-Tori, , the fon of John Jones,
MarcA 10, 1684. of Bafleg, near New-
port, in Monmouth-
ihire.

Who further added, by way of Poft-
fcript, that he was very ready to conduft
any WeHhmen, or others, that deiircd
further fatisfadion.

/ *

DISCOVERY <» AMERICA. 107

I

# I

HoN^« Cousin,

THIS is a copy of the paper
which my dear brother T. K. feat unto
me from New* York, in America^ which
I promifed to give you a copy of when I
was at Trefnanny, and which thou haft
a dctfire to let the biihop of St. Afaphiee.
My long abfence from homie hindered me
till now : but, to elucidate things a little
to thyfelfy as well as to that great antir
quaiy, give m^ leave to premife a few
things of the pccafion of it. MyfdUf and
brother* foo^e y^ears fince, diicourfed with
coufia Thomas Pricet of Llanvillin^on
this fubjeiAj and he told us, that one
Stedmao, f£ BrecIUK^ckiiiire, was about
30 y^urs ^Q, j»or$ or lefs^ oip the coaft
of Ameilca, in -a Dutch bottom^ and be-
ing abott lo land ht refrefhment, the
native JcejX them cfflf by ferce^ till at Izik
this StddlMA told his fdilow Dutch iea*-
man idbat he vaderftp^d what the natives

Ijpoke :

4

I

— - ^ ^^

/^u^^*^^ i7^A->9')Ue^ ^ £^ji l/-^/^. T

io8 AN AdCOUNf OF THE

fpoke: the Dutch bid him then fpeak
to them ; and they were thereupon ver3r
courteous j they fupplied them with the
beft things they had : and thefe men told
Stedman that they came from a country
called Gwynedd in Prydam-fawr. This
was» the fubftance of it as far as I can
•remember. It was, as I think, betwixt
Virginia and Florida or Mexico. This
difcourfe is faid to be attefted by the dy-
ing man. Oliver Humphreys,* a iher-
chant, lately dead, (whofe wife was, not
long fince, at St. Afaph, to prove his nun-
cupative will,) told me that he fpoke,
when he lived at Surinam, with an Eng«
lifti privateer, or pirate, who being near
Florida a-careening his veife), had learnt,
as he thought, the Indian language, which
my friend faid was pcrfcd: Wclfh ; and,
to omit other uncertain relations and
conjedures. Sir Thomas Herbert hints at
this about the laft leaf of his book of ^
Travels to the Eaft-Indies, and he cites
Dr. Powcl's Chronicle, or rather his an-

notator's^

^

DISCOVERY OV AMERICA. log

AOtator'Sy.H.Xiloyd^ of Denbigh, for con-
firmation of it ; both which, or one of
them, are faid to extract this relation out
of Gitto of Glyn, and, as I remember,
in Owen Gwynedd, or his fon David's
life, for I have not the book by me ^at
prefent, it being now in Herefordfhire ;
in which place it is faid, that five or iix
ihips went from Anglefey towards the
5outh-Wefl:, leaving Ireland on the right
Jhand, and found at lafl this country, and
returned back and perfuaded his country-
men not to ftrive with the Englifli, or
kill one another, about fo barren a coun-
try; fof that he hath lately found a better I
with few or no inhabitants : and upon
this about eleven fliips went away, full
of Britons, which ,were never heard of
to any purpofe till now* My brother
Jhaying heard this, and meeting with this
•Jones at New- York, he defired him to
write jit with his own hand in my bro-
ther's- houfe 5 and, to pleafe me, anSmy
coufin Thomas Price, he fent me the ori-

i

c . ^ ginaL.

no AN ACCOUNT OP THE

ginal. This Jones lived within i a tnilei
of New-York, and was cotemporary with
me and my brother at Oxford. He was
of Jefus^college, and called theli Senior
Jones, for diftin<3:ion. The names being
not inferted as modern writers da write
them now*a-days; but I bid the clerk
tranfcribe according to the original. The
bifhop will foon rectify them, or any geo-
grapher : I was willing to leave the apo-
graphon to be like the autograpbon.
But, if I may fpeak my fentiments, the
Doeg Indians may be corrupted from the
Ma4og Indies, and Cape Atros may be
Cape Hattetafb, near Cape Fair, in Ca-
rolina % for he faith that tfaefe Britiih In«
dians be feated on Pantigo river, near
Cape Atros. This Pantigo is perhaps
fome old name, yet hath a BritKh found.
He names Cape Fair, not Feir ; qusere^ .
an idem ? He names Port-Royal, which
is now in Carolina. Then he fled towards
Virginia* The Tufcorara Indians and
Doeg. Indians are placed there in the new

maps

^

Vl&COVEtiY O^ JMERiCJ. iii

maps of the Englifli empire, I fuppofe
his fli^t^ and finding deliverancie by his
unexpected countrymen^ was about Ba-
con's rebellion in Virginia^ and was with
the Indians about 1669. This Jones
promifed to bring any thither^ his charges
being borne^ in a month's time, from
Ncw-Yofk,

Bear with my hafty one hour's defcant,
the bearer being in hafte> which I thought
once to publifh more largely in print, if
fome more worthy would not attempt it.
If I came near the bifhop,' I might en-
large about tMs, and fome other things
of antiquity, of which L had fome cur-
fory difcburfe with him at London,
FareweL

I am

Thy much obliged friend
DolobraUf and kinfman,

JM. Day.

8 14 i.

CHARLES LLOYD.

I ^^. £y^. P^ey/ /^^.

lu DR. PLOTT ON THE

This tranfmigration of the Britifh tribe
into America happened, near the time of
William Rufus, or Henry I.

A Copy of Dr. Plotf% Accouixt of
an ancient Difcovery of Ame-*
ricUy from Wales.

x\ OW how it fliould come to pafs
that the Welfli language fhould be thus
fpoke and underftood^ in a country fb
remote^ is not imagined^ much lefs hinted^
by the author of this relation 5 which,
could it any way be made out, I thought
might be an undertaking worthy of the
notice of this fociety, and, perhaps, of
being publifhed: wherein having lately
met with fomething tending diat way> I
here humbly offer it to confideration ;

which

\

DISCOVERY OF AMERICJ. 113

which though I cannot pronounce it to
be the certain method by which it camp
to pafs^ yet, if it .amount to a probabili-*
ty^ I hope it may give fome fatisfadtion.

To come then immediately to the bu-
iinefs : I find, in the Britifh annals^ that
Prince Madoc ap Owen Gwynnedd, that
18, fon of Owen Gwvnnedd, whofe fa-
ther Gryffith ap Conan did homage for
certain lands in England to William the
Conqueror, being tired with the civil
wars which happened amongft his bre-
thren, Jorwerth, Howel, and David, each
of them claiming a dividend part of their
father's dominions, by the cuftom of ga-r
vel-kind, and perceiving at the fame time
their new neighbours, the Normans, ready
to fwallow them up, and that his advice
and propofitions of peace were not heark*
ened unto, but that rather for thefe good
offices he made himfelf the obje<a of
their fury ; therefore, ftudying his own
preferv^Uon^ and feeing no part of his

I native

114 DR. PLOTT ON THE

native country like to afford him any

quiet, he refolved to hade abroad to ibmo

remote part of the world, where he

might acquire future happin^s to himfeif

and pofterity. In order whereunto he

prepared for a fea* voyage, and in the

year 1170, the 16th of Henry II. he fct,

off from Wales with fo profperons a gale^

that after fome weeks fail due Weftward bq

defcried a land ; wheret npon his artival^

he found ftore of good victuals, fweel

water, fre|h md healthful air^ gold, and

whatever elfe he could reafonably defirc;

Here Madoc plants hin>felf and the pco-*

pie that he brought with him/ (abool

Florida or Canada, as my author, ihinkst

which agrees pretty well with pay novet

relation,) and having fpent fome time in

putting matters in <>!rder, and raiding for*

tifications fpr defence, he then liiought

bf returning ag^ into hds^own country,,

to furnifh himfelf with a greater number

of men^ and all manner of provifioos j

M^l^i^h acrcordingiy^e undertook^ leaving

12Q

DISCOVERY O^ AMERICA. 115

t&b men bdhind bim, as Cynvrick ap [
Grono» Meredith ap Rice, Gaten, Owdn ^
and many others, teftify ; and being di-
jpedled by Qod's providence, the beft com-
pafs, and the benefit of the pole^ftar,
after a long voyiage> arrived fafely at
home ; where recounting his marvellous
fuccefsful voyage, the fruitfulnefs of the
foil> the fimplicity of the favages, the
great wealth abounding there, and the .
facility of con^ucft> he thereby drew^
taany to return with him, who in ten
barks^ laden with neceffary provifion^,
by as fuccefsful a voyage as before, mofi:
fortunately re-attained the fame place
they hoped for; where, though theyr
found few of thofe they left there livipg^
fomc being deftroyed by exeefs in eating,
and others by the treachery of the bar-*
barian«, yet, by this recruit, having much
feettered and enlarged their colony, and
contrived every thing with fo good order
that they were fecure from any encmyi
and had all things conducive to eafe and

I 2 plenty.

ti6 DR. PLOTT ON THE

plenty, and content, they threw away the
too indulgent thoughts of their own
country, and returned no more ; nor did
any of the Welfh fail thither after them 5
fo that, in j3l few generations, the whole
matter was in a manner forgotten;.

. The Spaniards, it is true, as Mr. Her-
bert acquaints us, to whom I refer the
reader for a more full account of this ex-
pedition. Lib. III. cap. ult. found fome
footfteps of this ftory left at their arrival
in America, there remaining amongft the
Mexicans a tradition that about the time
that MadQc canie thither, a Arange peo-
ple came to their country in carraugh, or
(hips, as Columbus, Prancifcus, Lopez^
and others, teflify, who taught them fome
knowledge of God, and the ufe of beads,
crucifixes, reliques, &c. all which, as wc
read in Lopez de Gomera, were found
amongfl them . at their firil landing. It
is alfo remarkable that Cortez relates^
who, obferving the Indians fo have many
,■ ' ceremonies.

DISCOVERY OF ^Affi^/C^. 117

ceremonies^ aiked Montezuma> the father
of Quabutino^ the laft King of Mexicd,
how they came by them? who anfwer-
ed^ that many years ago a flrange nation
landed there, a civil people, from whofe
examples of piety they received them j
but how theyi were called, or whence
they came, he could not fadsfy them.
Another time, in an oration of thanks
which Montezuma returned the Spa-
niards for fome favours, he thus told
them» that one chief caufe of his fpecial
afFedion to their nation, was, that he had
many times heard his father fay, he Jbad
heard his grandfather^ ferioufly afErm^
* out;; of a continued tradition^ that not
many defcents above him his progenitors
came thither as Grangers, by accident,
in company of a nobleman, who abode
there awhile, and then departed r upon
ki\% return, moft of thofe he left, died ;
but that from him, or fome of them,
they thought themfclvcs dcfcended. A
ipeech fo agreeable with the narration of

Madoc,

/

^ 1 8 BR- PLOTT ON THE

Madoc, that I cannot but aver tluty fft^
thcr defcended from the WeKh^ than
from the Spaniards, or othei^si as the
records of this voyage, writ by ftiany
bards and genealogiftsj do feern amply
to confirm ; as do alfo the many Wel(h
names given to birds, beaAs, rocks, dcc^
yet remaining among tfaefe people, of tha
fame • iignification with the Wctl^ ^ fucfi
as pengwitif referred by them to be a bird
that hath a whi^ head; and to rocks of
that refemblance ; gvyn dwr, white wa^
ter^ £ara^hic3idy mam, mothet; tdd; fa^
ther ; x:/uga^p a heathcock ; Ifywg, a fox 5
«jy, an egg ; calaf, a quill j trvoyn, a nofe 1
Neqff Heaven ; cum multis aliis. ^ But^
above all, tibis relation of Mr. Morgan
Jones gives the flioft inconteftible proof
that can be defired ; who conyerfed with
thofe Indians, not in fingle words '«ily,
but in fet difcourfcs, preaching whole
fermons to them three times a wcekj
which, had not the language been the
. fame,^ or little depraved, he could never

have

PISCOVERY OF AMmiGA. 119

have done to any fatisfadtion : fo that \
think we may fafeiy condadc> that it is
probably at leaft> that thefe Doeg Indiana
are the remaining poilerity of Princtf
Madoc, and big foUowers : that neitheir
Chriftopher Columbus Americua Vefpu^
ciusy nor Magellan, were the firft difco^
vcrcrs of this, I dare not fay with them.
New World, it having beea difcuVered
now upwards of 50Q years, viz. 32*
years before the voyage made thither by
Chriftopher Columbos. And, if a pri-^
mier difcovery give any right or title ei-»
ther to name or thing, the property of
the country rather belongs to the Englifh
than Spani(h King, and (hould haye more
juftly been called Madocia than America.

Now, Sir, whether this firft relation
of Mr. Morgan Jones, thus fupported" by
the teftimonies of the Britifh annals, and
the concurrent reports of the late Spanifh
difcovcrer, rather deferve your imprima««
tur, or to be committed to the names,

is

^t

I20 DR. PLOTT ON THE, lie.

is humbly left to your judicious decifion.
In the mean time, if it have given you,
or any of the fociety, the leaft diverfion,
it fufficiently compenfates the little trou«-
ble I have been at, and will ferve, how-*
ever, to demoriftrate how willing I am
to approve myfelf

Your mofl faithful and afllduous
fcr^ant and fccretary,

ROBERT PLOTT,

CELEBRATED POEM

OF

TALI E S I N.

Tranflated into Sapphic Verfe,

BY THE

REV. DAVID JONES,

yicaf of Llanfair-Duffrin-Clwyd^ in Denbigh-

Jhire. A. D. 1580.

K

7

»«97.

*'''ONJ;,

/ ^

CELEBRATED POEM

o r

TALI E SI N.

Llym a li£n owdl o waich Taliefin a wnaed em mwy no
mil o flynyddodd fel un o bump colofn kerdd Taliefin ;
ag a droed i vers Ladin Saphig drwy David Jones^
Vicar Llanfair-Duffrin-Clwydd,

E

I.

rF a wnaeth panthon
At lawr glyn Ebron
Ai ddwylo gwynion

GwiwlynAdda. .

!!•

Pump kan mlynedd
Heb fawr ymgeledd
I bu fo.'n gorwedd

Ityn kael anima* .

III.
Ewnaeth Elohys
Yn Uys Paradwyt
O afTen aflwys

Jtffin,toniiia» .

G

i

lUNCTA cum rerum (kpiens creator
Vt All Terbi ex nihilo creafiety
£x Ittto format Adami caducum
Corpus ia HsBbron*

II. .

Quinque centenos-ibi manfit annot
Vile defpeflam fine cultu et arte,
' Antequam vitalera animam perennem
Traxerit ore.

III.

Ne foret £o\a%y fociam juventem
Elohim fecit fpeciofa virgo ^
Prodit e cofta Paradifo in alma
Q^am iibi duxity .

144 A CELEBRATED POEM OF TALIESIN.

IV.

Saith swr i buan
Yn kadw f berlUn
Kyn kyfrddn Satan

Swttiwr Tartara*

V.

Od4i3r|io i gftrfi^d .
l>rwy tyn s^4knwyd
I gael eu bywyd

Ix byd yma«,

VI.
I ddwys trwy ludded
McibidSi^ iVAttctnA '
I gael teyrng^

VII.
Nimr ka&t g^idag wyth
I bu 'd ymddwyth
Ya dwyn myfglwyth
"hfyiiA a foemioa*

VIII.

it ymddug Abd
^Ghaiat^w^

DC.

I Ad(i^«i^^)»hitr
I rhodd tbaw. baltir
I doni 5t djdnear
I gael banu

X.

Ar gwenitli^ktafirvrya
Ihau *r hoyvfi^ii
t borthi pob dyn

Hiid.diiddiikims^

IV.

Quern locum feptem tenuere laeti
Ambo tIx horas f^deratus ti«ftis
l)onec oppreffit Satanas qui ad ima
Tartara ducit.

V.
Foftea eje6)f Paradi^ ab ako
S«»t^ et ift terrain ffterilem fetrufi ^
Frigus hic nudi mifere et laboret
Corpore pafli.

VI.
Precreat foetus fobolesque lu^u
Mi9z Aec pacta tacua -eft dcAore
Mas fit ant f<sxa mulier pit^xigo
Aiia in orifr»

VII.
Qjiando grandsva et debilis.triginta
Atquc aiongentos fupcreflet jianot
Vjackur fiftis moriturque pulchra
Prole beata.

Vill. .
Ham pstet ]uftiini'genaifletAb«l
Vfrgmes pulchrasy genemtquc xm.4%
£t gravemiu^lum pifn«t/|Qtfe»ie»
Caki iKNmtcidfnii.

IX.
Mox AcEe'lonti np^m iigoaia
Notus eft uAis, , fociaDque charae
f'lasgit efiSi^as tenuesqoe gkbats
BcBfte bgoais. , .

X. .

Triticttiki ofandat Cereale folcis
Q^ fysHnMbimtSo rabkiam repellat
l^tMrntoibX rutUante fnt^
Vitis^amenaB.

XI,

Angtim nlflus voludat fopem^
Patce partdvit genitalc ftaufln
Boai^ lit fnflus, gremio monoitiy
. NuaciUs Mm. .

Sen.

Muaeris ftttem decimaiii 'M mim '
AbftvEt £6€fam pofuitqur-iB orcK
Clw wOy-etfemenvpentfolltv •
Defukagva» . -

, XIII,
Cma^ iakfiflet fcelus-iMM: irir, 4lki'
Fn>tmtts Iclnen retulil, -^iiod i^jv^
ficB&inaot, ied lit malua hiac €iig»
Tefte pcopbcti*

XIV,
ftiflM i ui u perdit fpcciem mqpii^tffumi^
l^Mcmfk pro quo fterilis £Iigo
jJafcitBr^fyAos ut patet iMtadhi
Turpi^ f vitiaM*

XV, .
t^Mfe i^wfolyit feculummr omiv

XI.
Angul M^^ifttad
Onerth»ci«vi«M
Addughad^£ad
Hyd at iSfiu

XII.

Hithe a guddiad
Ddegfed rhan jrorkodd
Fal na dbyrekacddodi

Tan'drlK>UinHfi,.

XIII.
Alfeirloruwyd
Yr had a guddlwyd
Medd Dtatel bnidnvyd
Broohefia*

xrv.

Rhyg^himgalad
Yn Uef ^wenith mad
Erdas^dsi^md
At lacbtttta*

XV..
Am h^ .o^flUa ^Umh
Rhag flitt dadd dvnr

8e«vl«til partem decinttm%«K)iniiB
Mae *« i^haid.iiioi degwrm JOttttilHi^ -^ux tu imoins^ 4^<tt«iuK»
I DdMwmhtmm Svanmm CaOktr^

XVL XVI.

Or gwmiA |pj#mf ralnt TMtkJo^-^uro, rutik^pxe ^qp -
Ar gwin rkxAd ^^km^dd* rFttrfa<«i#d^spMicc4Qqpat^ittiKl

fraint My4^€«m Chrifti facroiiuiftiim jftAl

I gwneir kttrfftowrite •

CnftfabA^fii.

3EV!H.

Yr ai^iaMi ifurtesml
Ar gvidn iwrgwaedravrd
A geiriau dtManK^
Ai kyffegrsu

Filu'«t A^iplKk

ICVlf .
Pank-flikarh capo confecrata^
^BMlMriMJlanguis pretiofus atqM
Trinitatis fzaSko operanise ¥iiAUf

1

x»S. A'CBUBRATED POEM 09 TALIIim*

XXXIL .
I ner a Iblttt
I hiaith a gadwant
I tiragaUant

Ond gifjrk Wallia^

XXXIII.
Onidd£lrhyw.fyii'
Yn ol hir benyd
Pan fo g^tf liyd

Ydaudrmba*

XXXIV.
Yao i kaiff Brithon
I tir ai koroh
Arbl>l»l'eftRaiioit

A ddiflamnuu

XXXV.

"Mi a wn i kctidded

Ai tro aitrwydded

Ai taith ai tynged

Hyd dydd

XXXVI.
Gdriau Mifaangai
Am kedd aiiijrftl
Afydddiogel

IFrytatttis.

xxxa.

Attamen lagem proprium cakataa
Kite fenrabant idioma Maguft
Walliaaa prsler gelidam ralia^ueftt
Hoftibu*

XXXIII.
Donee obloagiim veniat fiiba£kit
TempiM atraspoft miferasqtie cladda
i^ando Hhimtas tnitina u<r2usque ei|
Faftus iniq\i«»«

XXXIV.
Tunc fuaaa tandem in dtdattcm atf^otc
Hoftibiia ngakmi redigtnt Brittmu
Batmis marctt populus cofona
Pcnuo parta*

XXXV. .
Hcciun ego irialtoi dkUct labam
Atque fortunam varicniem et aftvt
Nofieo fatonun feriem in fatnra
Secla pert aiiem.

XXXVI.
Pneleius reniin Michael loeattta
Verba diinaa tec mihi nvacift ^ham
Patts ct hdii rigidi futnra

^^^

i

MEMOIRS

Of the LIFE of .

EDWARD LLWYD,

A.M. F.R.S. CM. A:

Author-ef the

ARCHMOLOGIA BRITANNICA,

I

And feveral other ingenious, Philofophic^
and Hiftorical Works.

Tranfcribed from a MS. in the Afhmolean Mufeuin^

Oxford.

To which are added,
KOTES, HISTORICAL and ILLUSTRATIVE*

n

■rf •

^*lS??i

» «F

^''S^:4%t^

AN0

18§7 '^'^^

V

<*

N

J

MEM O I R

OF THB

E

O F

Edward Lhwyd, M.A

c.

3

E

DWARD LLOYD* or LHWYD
was the natural fon of Edward (A) Lloyd,
of Llhan Vorda, near Ofweftry, or Of-
waldftree, in the county of Salop, Efq;
by Bridget, fecond daughter of — Price,
of Glanfrid, in CardiganQiirea Efq. He

was

• Mr, Lloyd or Lhwyd*8 accoant of himfelf is,
^' I don't purofefs to be an Englifliman, but an old
j^fiton, and, according to qui Britifh genealogies^

L 2 dercende4

1

132 THE LIFE OF

was entered in Jefus-college, « Oxford,
Odt. 31, 1682, and was matriculated on
the 17th of Nov. following, being then
(though he writes hin^felf oply 18) zz
years of age(B),

It is highly probable that he had fliewn
fogie inciinations towards, perhaps had

defcended in the male line from Elidyr Lydanwyn,
the fon of Meirchion, the fon of Ceneu,^ the fon
of Coel Kiflheavick, alias Coel Godhebog, in the
province of Riged, in Scotland, in the 4th century,
before the Saxons came into Great- Britain." See
a Letter to the Scots and Irifli, Malcolme's Trafls» \

page 18, or Nicholfon's Appendix to the Irifli Jlif-
torical Library, page 97. His pedigree runs thuf :
.£dw^rd, ap Edward, ap JBdward, ap Sion, ap Sioa,
ap Sion, ap Rich, ap Mrcdydd, ap Madoc, ap Grif-
fri Vychen, ^p Blad, ap Gwion, ap Radvarch, ap
Aper, ap Gurgi, ap Hedd Molwynoc, ap Gre'ddf,
ap Zyniyr, ap Llawr, ap Llawfrodadd Yarvoc, ap
Aper, fipTydwel Gloff, apRodri Mawr, ap Mej?-
,vyn Vrych, ap Gwrhyad, ap Elidyr, ap Sanddefjj
^p Alkwn, ,ap Tegid, ap Reid^ ap Dawc, ap Lly-
Varch Hen,/ ap Elidyr Lydanwyn, &c. This pedi-
gree, in his own hand-writing, is' in the Mufeum.
« , - .

madii

\

»

a:

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 135

made fome progrefs in> the ftudy of na-
tural hiftory, before he became a mem-
ber of the Univerfity ; for this year the
building for Mr. Afhmolc's benefaftion
being finifhed, his collection was fent to
Oxford, and entrufted to the care of
Robert Plott, LL. D. In the year fol^
lowing they were confirmed to the Unir
yerlity by the founder s letter read ia
convocation; and in 1684 Mr. Lhwyd
was employed in digefting the fpecimens,
and comparing the catalogues; which
have this note in the title-page, *^ Accu-
rante Edwardo Luidio procuflode, ann*
1684-"

In this ftation or under-keeper he con-
tinued till the year 1690, coUedling fpe-
cimens in natural hiftory, as he informs
us in the Preface to the Lythophylacium
Britannic um, when he fucceeded to the
head-keeper's place, vacant by the re-
fignation of his friend and patron Dr.
Plott. The great progrefs he made in

L 3 thofe

I

I

t34 THE LIFE OF

thofe ftudics, which the nature of his
office prompted him to purfue, is very
vifible in the Lythophylacium Britannicum
juft lAentioned; by which it appears,
that he had either vifited or fettled cor-
refpondences in * almoft every part of
Great-Britain. In 1693 ^^ ^^^ employed
ih collecting materials relative to Wales,
for the new edition of Cambden's Britan-
nia^ at the defire, and, probably, ex-
pence, of Mr, Gibfon(C)/ About this
time I conje<Sure that he intended, per-
haps by the perfuifion of his friends, to
travel to America 5 but iti what ftation,
of for what purpofe(D), I know not;
mod likely iti fearch of natural curio-
uties.

His extenfive knowledge in this part
of learning, as well as that of antiqui-
ties, had made him fufEci'ently known
to the world. But as a com pi eat ac-
quaintance with thefe branches of lite-
rature is not attainable in a fedentary life,

he

MRc EDWARI) LHWYD* t^s

Jieearncftly entertaihtd a*defire of vifit-
ing fu<^ cpuatries as tmght afford mate-*
rials for the improvement of his own
knowledge, and the fervice of the pub-

1 • • •

To fdcfa ^ dipfigni his own finances were
by no misans eiquaL The public there<^
fore readily accepted his propofals, and
{engaged for an annual fubfcription for
five years, in order to. enable him.to col-^
le£t wfaatevter might fchrow any light upoa
the languages, antiquities, or natural hif*
Jtory^ of thofe. countries he propofed to
viiit. It biegan in the year 1696; at
which time he iiet out for Wales, neg^
le&ing jtiothing curious or ufeful to'be
met with in his way thither.

He returned to Oxford 1697(E), pro*

-Ibably bringing with him part of that

* large colledion of Wclfli foffils now

prefetved in the lower room f of the Mu**

icum> which he did oiot live to digeft.

L 4 In

t36 THE LIFE OF "

In 1698 I find him in different jKirts
of Wales (F), and the counties adjoin-
ing.

•• •

This year he finiflied the Lythophyla-^
cium Britannicum, which he cxpedled
the Univcrfity would have printed at their
own expcnce (G) : but he was deceived,
and it would pefhaps never have been
made public^ had not fome of his noble
^nd learned patrons undertaken it at their
own charge* One hundred and twenty
impreffions only were ftruck off, at the
cxpence of the Lord Chancellor Somers,'
the Earl of Dorfet, Lord Halifax, Sir
Ifaac Newton, Sir Hans Sloan, .Dr. Af-
ton. Dr. GeofFray of Paris, Dr* Martin
Lifter, Dr. Tancred Robinfon; under
the care and infpedion of the laft-men-
tioned. But, as that gentleman had Qot
the fpecimens by him, of which it treats,
nor the author to confult upon any diffi-
culty, it appeared fo full of inaccuracies,

i . .'. as

MK EDWARD LHWYD. 137

as to need^ as. well as defer ve^ a fecond
edition*^

f • » « . • ,. »

In die year 1699(H) I find him at
Anglcfcy, on a vifit to his intimate friend
Mr. Henry Rowlands, author of the
Mona Antiqua. Soon after that he went
into ^ Scotland (H), ^d in the begin-
ning of the following year to Ireland (H).
The affiftance he received from the learn-
ed in each of thefe kingdoms^ he grate-

" * It is certain that a new edition of this worlf.
was preparing for the prefs byMr. Lhwyd. In a
printed paper, fignifying what Books were already
printed, or under the prefs, at the Theatre, in Oxon,
this is mentioned, Edwardi Luidii, &c. £d. 2. This
paper was the imprimatur of a Charlet, dated June i^
1709. Mr. Lhwyd mentioned this intended edition
in feveral of his letters to Dr, Lifter; but, dying
foon after, it was never printed, nor can I learn
what became of the papers belonging to it,

t In the Highlands of Scotland he found a de-
fcrtcd infant, whom he brought with him to Ox-
ford, and kept as a fervant ; his. name was Mac
^Mullein^ but they called him Gilia Cholum.

fully

ts9 : THJET LIFE Or

4

fiMy acknowfed^s -.in die Preface to thi

Archsologia. Towards the clofc of 1706
he came back from Ireland to Cornwall,
tppkyitg himfelf fo the Aadf of the Got^
ni£d laogudgei and ia coiledthig, ttocom^
inon plants and foSal^ His coriofily.aQd
indefatigable indttii3ry next led hitn to
crofs the Channel, in order for (I)^Fmop
xican antiquities, on the ceaft of France;
Bat he had icarce been there aay tim^
before he wn taken up as a fpy, hid pa^
pers were feized, and himfelf committed
as a prifoner to the^aftle of Bireft. A ftop
was here put to his inquiries, and he was
obliged to depart the kingdom injured^
as well as unfatisfied ; having fcen, as his
friend * *# * tdls him, ** too few of theif
ancient monuments in France, and too
much of their barbarous modern man-
ners" (K). ; !

After thefe adventures he returned tb
Oxford in the fprjng of the year 1701*^
having collected fufHcient materials for

the

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 43^

the work he had promifed' to undertake.
His friend Mr. Humphrey Foulks, ici a
letter dated about this time, advifee hini
to give the public a brief account of bis
travels in a fixpenny pamphlet ; and it is
much to be wilhed, as things have turn^
ed out, he bad complied with this re-
queft.

In the fammer following he was ere*
ated M. A. by the Convocation, die
2 1 mo Julii(L). By a letter to Mr.
Henry Rowlands it appears, that he
made an excurfion to Cambridge, in
fearch of a map*of Britain and Ireland, by.
Giraldus Cambrenfis. Being difappoint-
ed in his expeftations, as he tells that
gentleman, he. copied Giraldus's Epiftlcs,
and lingered out his tin>e between the
Public Library; that of Benet-College,
and Trinity.

After his return to Oxford, he em-
ployed himfelf in preparing the firft fpe-

cimen

14? sTHE 1.1 FE OF

/i^WrichiPeanof Chfift-Churcb, towhoft
acquaintance he had been introduced by
Brown Willis, Efqj brought 71 votes in
favour of Mr. Lhwyd, thereby giving
|iipi ^ pi^jority pf 20 Voide?*^

He did not l6ng enjoy this ieoond
i^ark of efteern conferred on hini by the
Univerfity; dying (O), after a few days
iUiiefs, in tjie latter end of Joqp, 1709.
:He vras buried in the pgirifh-church of
St. Michael, Oxford, in the South or
Wellh Ifle, as it is called, being the bti-
rial-place of the men>bcrs of Jefus-Col-
lege. There is yet no ftone, nor monu-
ment, to perfKtuate his mennory; a^ I
can find. If there ever was ond, the
pews fince built . hide it from pur view.
Nor was fuch ^ memorial wtnting for
tkkzt purpofe. He has left the befl inJac
of his abilities in his learned and labo-
rious works. It may. be proper iu thi5[

f Th|$ qrcumftafice from that gentlem:^ hintfelfi.

MR; EEW^ARD LHWYD. 4431

pkcc to ixieotioii whgt. thofe are^ ttfore
pvticiilady, as well as fome mcnre privact
aaccdates cekdng to bun:^ Urhich^ thoagh
B0t necoflary to the de£g3^ of theie pa«
pers, may yet give a truer idea of bi^
feal charafter.

His works; acc^ Bayers ia the Philofbpt^

t \. :. cal Tranfadiiion^.

I . ■ .

.1
' No. i66» Art, 8. An account of a fort
of paper made of Lmum Afbeflimim
found ia the iile of Aagkfejr,

No. 200. Art. 3. A letter to Cbrilte-
pher Hemmer concerning fome regular-
^ynBgured fion^es found near Oxford. .

No. 2o8^ Art. 2. - Part of a letter -^o.
Dr. .Martin Lifter, giviag an account of
^ocufts lately obferved. in Wales.

/ ■ • ^

Art. 3. Extraft of ahother letter to ihc
fame purpofe, dat$d E^b. aoj . 1693. •

Art.

i

f4# . THE /LIFE OF :

Art, 4. An: account of the. burning of
fcvcral hay-ricks: by a £ery exhalation j
or damp> and of tbe infedtious quality of
the grafs of feveral grounds^ dated DoU
g^Uy* Jan. 2Q, 169^.

No. 213. Art. 5. Part of a letter to
DiTi Lifter, giving fome further account
of the fiery exhalation in Merioneth flxire^
dated Oxford, Aug. 23, 1694.

.1. . , . -,

No. 229, Fart 8. Part of a letter to
Dr. Tancred Robinfon concerning hail
in Monmouthfhire, dated Ufk, June 15,
-1 697,

No. 243. Art; 4. Part of a l^ter, &c*

No. 252. Art. 6.

No. 269. Art. I.

No. 292. Art. I,

No. 295. Art. 5. .' /

No. 314.

No. 316. Art. 6.

No, 334, Art, 4, 5, and 6.

No^

y

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 145

No, 335. Art. 3 and 4.
No. 336. Art. 3 and 4.

Thefe fevcn laft, though written long
before, were inferted in the Tranfa^ioas*

after his death.

»

«

He publiflied alfo.

V

V .

Catalogus Librorum Manufcriptorutn
in Mufeo Afhmoleano; a folio in ten
(heets, bound up with the General Ca-
talogue of the MSS. of England.

A Set of Parochial Queries, in order
to compleat his Hiftory of Wales.

The Life of EHas Afhmole, publifhed
in the continuation of the Supplement
to Mr. Collier's Great Hiftorical Dictio-
nary (O 2),

Carmen Britannicum DiafeCto Cornub.
ad Normam Poetarum SecuU Sexti, in

M <lie

14$ Tkn tIFE OF

the Oxford Verfcs, i0 Obit. GuUel. Ter-

tli, &c.

A CatJalogiic of Local Words, paral-'
kled,with BritiOi or WcUb, pubKftcd
in Ray's Colledtion of Englifh Words
not generally ufed. Vid. 2 Ed. i6gi.

r

De Fluviorum, 6cc. in Britannia No-
minibus Adverfaria. This is a pofthu-
mous piece, publilhed at the end of
Baxter's Gloflary.

FrsDledio de Stellis Marinis Britannic!
Oceani, habit, in Muf. AXhoiol. In con-
fequence of his promife made to the
Univerfity on his being created A, M.
See Appendix. This is printed in Lin-
nitts's book De Stellis Marinis, and now
in the new editioa of the Lythophy-
lacium.

But we are not to build our judgment
of his learning and abilities upon thofe

works

r

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 147

works alone which have his name pre-
fixed to them. Thefe will be equally
difcernible in Ray's Synopfis, Gibfon*s
Cambden^ Lcyftcr's Hiftoria Conchylio-
fum, Baxter's Gloflary (P), and Nichol-
fon's Hiftorical Library, &c. Nor do ei-
ther of thofe authors fail in duly and
gratefully acknowledging his fervices and
ailiftance.

It is faid his coUefiions for a fecond
volume^ which was to contain an ac-
^count of the antiquities^ monuments,
&c. in the principality of Wales, were
numerous and well-chofen: but upon
account of a quarrel between him and
Dr. Wynne (R), then Fellow* of the
college, he refufed to buy them, and
they were purchafed by Sir Thomas Sea-
bright, of Bcachwood, in Hereford (hire,
in whofe library the greateft part of them

♦ Afterwards Principal 5 and Bilhop of St. Afaph.
Sec Brown Willis's Survey of that cathedral, p. 97.

M 2 remain.

148 t HE LIFE OF "

remain. The reader is not to imagine
that thefc papers are any ways ready for
publication ; had that been the cafe^. they
would probably long before this time
have feen the light : but he had never
digefted them, nor indeed fairly tran-
fcribed them, or cleared them from thoic
abbreviations peculiar to himfelf, which
render it impoffible for any perfon to
undertake to publifh them.

That his knowledge in both thofc
branches of literature to which he par-*
ticularly applied himfelf was very exten-
l;ve, is allowed on all hands^ His Ar-
chajologia will be always efteemed and
valued by the lovers and patrons of the
ftudy of antiquities. Nor has Philofophy
lefs to be proud of her difciple, whofc
difcoveries in ^natural hiftory, and th^
great affiftance he has given thofe who
purfue the fame fort of inquiries, hava
rendered him dcfervedly famous.

At>

l

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 149

At the time he publifhed his Litho-
phylaeium Brltannicum^ the contention
concerning the origin of thofe marine
bodies found in the earth ran very high
antiongft the learned. While fome af-
ferted them to be the real exuviae of
animals, others degraded them into mere
lufus Naturae, or lapides fui generis.
He ieemed to have (leered a middle
courfe. What his opinion was may be
feen in the 6th letter, at the end of the
Lythophylacium ; it is tranflated by him-
felf, and publifhed by Mr. Ray. But
this being diametrically oppofite to Dr.
Woodward's fentiments, who was a ftrong
advocate for the Noetic deluge as the
inftrument whereby they were brought
into the places where they were found,
it fo oiFended him, that it occaiioned his
ihynefs, nay, even rudenefs, not only to
Mr. Lhwyd, but to any pcrfon who pro-
feffed a regard or friendfhip for him;
and hence that oppofition made to his
being elefted Fellow of the Royal So-
cicty(t).

M 3 I can-

I50 THE LIFE OF

I cannot, in thisplacei htlp observing,
that the aforefaid gentleman has attacked
our author in that part where he was
leaft vulnerable, vii* for ranking the
Belemnites amongfl: the extraneous foflils.
^* As to Mr. Lhwyd/' fays he, •* he was
much prejudiced, and ready to catch at
any thing that might lefTen the authority
of what I have delivered/* Whoever
ihall give himfelf the trouble to perufe
the fourth letter annexed to the Lythoph.
Brit, which gave rife to this cenfurc, ot
indeed any other of its author's perform*
ances, will find little appearance of dog-
maticifm or prejudice 5 but, on the con«-
trary, that modefty, candour, and inge**
nuoufnefs, which becomes the inventor
of any new fyftem, and is the fureft me-
thod of invcftigating the truth. Which
of the two approached neareft to that
real end of all inquiries, later difcoveries
have fufiiciently ihewn.

It might have been expeded that fuch
indefatigable labours would have met with

a fuit-

MR- EDWARD LHWYD. 151

a fuilable encouragement from the public :
but our author was one amongft the nume-*
rous inftances of the world's ingratitude.
It is certain that he pofleiTed no eflate ;
fo that it is a wonder how he was enabled
to fupport himfelf with the fmall prefer-
ments he enjoyed. The Keeperfhip of
the Mufeum has generally^ but falfely,
been fuppofed to be worth 50I. per an-
num^ the founder, indeed^ intended it
Should be fo» and has fpecified that fum
in the Statutes of the Mufeuni.

But this good deiign waSv prevented
from being put in execution, by the ad-
vice of a gentleman, who, we are infori^i*
ed, was of fome eminence in the church,
becaufe bis writings, favouring of Soci-
nianifffl) had been unanfwerably attacked
by fome orthodox members of the Uni-
verfity, and who thought public injury
the bcft method of refcnting private dif-
gufts. The falaries, therefore, of the fe-
veral keepers arifd only from the fees
paid by ftrangers for their trouble in ex-

M 4

152 THE LIFE OF

hibiting the curiofities ; and as the head* '
keeper is anfwerable for the payment of
the under-keeper, his own falary fcldoiti.
exceeds 20L And I have reafon to think
Mr. Lhwyd's income was not more, fince
during his abfencc it was much negleSed.
Let u^ fee now what afliftsince he met
yiritt^ from other quarters.

When he firft publiflied his Propofals
for Travelling, he met with great encou-
ragement.* We have a lift of his princi-
pal patrons prefixed to his Archaeologia ;
but this public fpirit foon cooled, and
he found promifes and performances
very different things. ,

The fubfcription amounted, J*, j. J.

in the year 1696^ to - no 10 o

1697, - - 81 o o

1698, - - 69 00

1699, - - 57 o o

1700, - - II 15 o
And from non-fubfcribers, -31 00

jC-3<^5

5 o
We

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 153

. We fee how much it dccrcafcd in a
ihort tifaie ; nay, fo mean were fome of
his pretended friends, as to refufe the
payment of what they had exprefsly en-
gaged for.

His chief friend was Dr. Martin Lyf-
ter ; in return for whofe civilities he was
very inftrumental in procuring him a di-
ploma for a Dodfcor's degree.

It is^aid^ alfo, that he was in the

number of thofe upon whom that great

patron of learned men, Louis XIV. be-

flowed a penlion; and this conjedure

appears well-grounded, from what we

find in the Preface to his Adverfaria, at

the end of Baxter's Gloflary : *' Quae hie

fubjiciuntur D. Ed. Lhwydii Adverfaria

Anglico fermone confcripta, in banc or-

dinem digefta fuere tanquam amplioris

quod meditabatur operis l^voypatpicL ; quod

nuperrime Gallicorum Regis patrocinio

baud indignum judicavit/'

The

154 THE LIFE ©F

The learned world have done that ju(t
tice to his memory, which was refufed
him during his life-time. And if good
acquaintance can add any teftimony to a
man's charader, a Ibng lift of illuftrious
names njay be feen amongft his corre-
ipondents. Thofe whofe labours have
adorned this iflc arc, Anftis, Baxter, Fla-
herty^ Gibfon, Hicks, Humj^reys (Bp,),
Le Neve, Nicolfon, Rowlands, Smith,
Tanner, &c. Sibbald, Archer, Cole, Dale,
Lifter, Morton, Molineaux, Ray, Ri-
chardfon, Robinfon, Sloane, &c. Fo-
feigners, Rivious, Langius, Olmiu;,
Scheutcher.

The elegant difpofition of the fpeci-
mens given by Mr. Aftimole to the Mu-
feum, and his own noble and valuable
additions to them, evidently point out to
us his genius, induftry, and munificence.

If bis labours had been confined only
to that fpot, the Univcrfity would have

had

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 155

had the greateft reaibn to remember him
amongft her brightefl ornaments and be-
nefadors.

Had it not pleafed God to put an early
flop to his purfuitfiy he would, 'tis cer«
tain, have increafed that charader and
reputation, which fcarce any man, either
before or fince, ever gained in fo £hort
a time.

Thefe are all the materials I am at
prefent mafter of, relating to him* Some
abler hand may, one time or other, fill
up thefe outlines, and compleat tiie pic-
ture. My only view was to preferve
fome remembrance of a man, whofe
charader, having the proofs of his abi-
lities always before me, I fo m^h ad-
mire.

^S^

NOTES^

NOTES.

(A) X HE author of the Athena? Oxon.
fays, fie was the fon of Edward Lloyd,
of Kidwelly, in Cacrmarthcnfhire. The

4

continuation of Monf. Bayle's Hiftor.
Did. has corrected this mii^ake in the
moft material points, but is wrong in
calling his father Charles. What led
both into ah error was the finding upon
the matriculation-books three perfons of
the fame name.

Copy of the matriculation - books, and
thofe of Jefus-College.

Jefus-Coll. Edwardiis Lloyd, de comit*
Salop. admiiTus Battelarius, 0£t. 31,
1682.

Univer. Regift. Nov. 17, 1682, Edward
Lloyd, 18. Edwardi Lloyd, fil. Of-
waldftree, Salop, Gen.

Jefus-

OF MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 157

Jefus-ColL Ed. Lloydy de comit. Den-
bigh, admiif. Battel!. Feb. 24^ 1684.

Univ. Reg. March 16, 1684, Ed. Lloyd,
16. Mich. Lloyd, fil. Llanynis^ Denb.
Plcb.

Univ. Reg. March 28, 1688. Ed. Lloyd,
ill. Kidwelly, Carmar. Pleb.

Anthony Wood has fitted upon the laft
perfon, and applied the works of oar
author to him ; whereas it appears, froiti
various proofs, that he (hould have taken
the firft-mentioned ; efpecially, alfo, as,
upon comparing the writing with thofe
of later date', it correfponds exactly with
his hand.

His father was a man of a diiTolute
life and morals, extremely extravagant in
the indulgence of his amours ; fo that
although there had been a marriage-Qon-
traft drawn up between his parents, it was

never

».

158 NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

never executed i his father having fi> ex^
haafied his finances^ that his eftaite viras
fold to the anceftofs of Sir Watkin Wil-
liams. The former part of the accopot
I had from a near relation of hi? mother's
now living, and the latter is confirmed
by a pafTage in a letter to him from
Humphrey Foulk$» dated Odk. 8, 1701.
" As for Mr. William WilUams'i^ I be-
lieve you may have better hopes of it ;
Mr. Williams's tutor formerly promifes,
upoQ the leaft notice from yoUf to meet
you at Llanvorda» He is fatisfi^d Sir
William can '^derry you nothin|[ in that
houfe.'' Penfs Emanuel Da Cojia^ Lond.
— «^ I have lately received a letter from
Sir William WiUiaoas, wherein are thefe
words: — ' I'll not by any means lend
any book, neither fhall any part of my
MSS. be tranfcribed. If I ftiould com-
ply therein, the books now only in the
cuAody Qf coufm Vaughan and myfelf

* He was denied.

would

MR, EDWARD LHWYD* i5>

^oiild be di^r&d and common in every
gentleman's ilndy, which I hope to pre*
vent. And I fappofe no reafonaUe per-
fon will blame my rcjc<aing your requeft,
being, as I hiAted before, willing you
ihould read any of tbem in my houfe,
you promifing on your word not to tran*
fcribe any part of them/ The very fame
repalft I had from iiis coulin Vaugban,
and his widow fince, though neither thefe
gentlemen, nor any fdends they have,
ever make the leaft ufe of the MSS. nor
do I know any one in Wales that would
be curioos of peruiing or buying any of
them, except at a very cheap rate/' A
letter from Mr. Lhwyd to J. Anilis, Ef^;
dated Oxford, July 20, 1701, in Mr. Af-
tie's colledion.— -It is upon this account
that I cannot yet difcover where he was
bom or educated; Probably his mother
retired to fbme private place, where (he
lay in. His father died foon after his
birth, as appears by the parifli-rcgiftcrof
Ofwcftry, where he was buried March 3,
1662*

i^ NOTES TO THE LIFE OP

(B) It is agreed by every one, that he
died in 1709, setat. 49, whiqh proves him
to have been born in i66o«

(C) '* I was informed that Mr. Lhwyd,
of the Mufeum, was travelling in Wales,
in order to pick up antiquities, &c: for
the Britannia/'

Odl. 14, 1 693. Letter from J. Aubrey
to Mr. Tanner, See MSS. Tanner,
Bib. BodL fo. 25, let. 70.

^* I fuppofe you have been informed
that the reafon of my late journey into
Wales was, becaufe I have undertaken
tp add what I can to that part of Mr.
Cambden's Britannia.'* Letter from Mr.
Lhwyd to J. Aubrey. See Lib. Afhm.
G. 15.

(D) *• I havQ not heard any more of
my intended voyage* to America ; and I
begin now to fuppofe that defign wil|
fail.'* March 2^ 1692. Letter from Mr.

Lhwyd

\

Mr. EiDWARD LHWYD. i6i

Lhwyd to J. Aubrey, in Afhmole's Li-
brary, G. 15*

(E) ** What is become of the honeft
Mr. Lhwyd ? Is he in Oxford, or re-
turned into Wales ? I ihould be glad, of
any occafion of feeing him, before his
fepond journey." April i, 1697. See
a letter from Dr. Gibfon to Mr. Taiiner,
MSS. Tanner, BibL BodL

(F) He thus writes to his friend Tan-^
ner from Pembroke ; ** Yours of the 2d
came to my hands, which is more thaii
many of my letters do, for the country
people are very curious to know whom
the Jpies and conjurers correfpond with,
and what their intrigues are, which has
been the only difcouragement I met with
fince I left Oxford : but it will now foon
be over, for in the counties that remain
I and my * companions arc pretty yirell
known/' Tanner's MSS. Bib. Bodl.

* Wm, Jones, Robert Wynn, David Parry.

N To

I

1 62 NOTES TQ THE MFE OF

t.

^0 the fame.

(G) « I fliall fend Dr, Roblnfon my
Litholpgy, %hfi gril: opportunity^ to be
printed %% London ; for he tdU qne fo(Qe
bookfcUer has prornifed to venture. Df.
Lifter having g^ven to th^ M^^m.^ to th^e
vsilue at lead gf zoo\. of i>oaks,1 w^s
ija hopes^ th^ Univerfity would prifit it;
and, indeed, Df,Adam$*, Dr. Edwards •f',
and the Mafter of Univerfity-College:|:,
feem^d very ijn^linablc i biit the prefent
Vice-Chanccl^or {| will hear nothing pf it ;
tbo)Ligl|^ I to^d bim to wbom It \y^s dedi-
cated, and how great a bi^nefaftof b^ h^
been." S^e MSS, Tanner, Bib. ^U

fol. 22.

(H I.) A letter from Mr. Lhwyd to
Mr. Rowlands, dated Lligg, one balf in
Scotland. Vid- Mon. Ant. ?• 336.

* RecSor of Lincoln. t Principal of Jefus.
% Dr. Arthur Charjet. J Wm. Painter, D. t>.
Reflpr.of Exeter-ColiegCi. . .

(H 2.) Amongft

MR/ EDWARD LMWYD, i6j

(H 2.) Amongft Mp. Da Cofta's col-
kdion of letters, fome are diredtcd at
this period of time to him: Dec, 12*

1699, at Glafgowj Dec. 20, 1699, at
Edinburgb; Jan. 7, 1699, at Colerain,
in comit, Antrim, Ireland 1 Feb. 1 2, 1 700^
ib. A4)r. 5, ib. ^

(H3.) Part of a letter from. Walter
Thomas to Mr* Lhwyd :— *^ I received
yours of the 1 5th of Feb. from Golerain,
and am glad of your return."

(I) «' I find at Falmouth, Dec. 6>

1700, then fetting out for France." Da
Cofta's letters*

(K) His reception in Bretagne he hu-
mouroufly dcfcribes in a letter to Mr*
Hen. Rowlands, Mona Ahtiqua, p* 340*

N. B. It may be remarked that in the
letter he fpeaks often in the plural nurn-
ber. When he firft fet out on his tra-

N 2 vels.

i64 NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

vels, he was attended by Robert Wynn,
William Jones, and Dayid Parry. The
firfl: of thefe left him in Cornwall, and
returned to Oxford. Whether the other
went with him to France, I ^an't tell ;
but, the lafl certainly did. It is faid that
tfiie perfon who fearched them for pa-
pers left a Caefar's Cooimentaries in this
gentleman's pocket, which book they fo
often read over, having no other employ-
ment, that they could repfeat it memori-
ter. And I have heard a pdrfon, now
living, fay, that he 'has had a full proof
of this alfertion from Parry himfclf.

(L) Copy of the Chancellor's letter ."^

Mr. Vice-Chancellor, and gentlemen.

Whereas Mr. Edward Lhwyd, B. A.
of the Mufeum, is near ten years {land-
ing in the Univerfity, the moft of which
he has fpent in travelling the moft re-
mote parts of England, Scotland, and
Ireland, to perfed himfelf in the know-
ledge

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 165

\

m, \

ledge of natural hiftory and antiquities,
and by reafon of his long abfence be
hath not been able to proceed to his de<-
gree, and do exercife regularly ; and hav-
ing been moved to recommend him unto
you, that you will favour him in confer-
ring the degree of A. M. upon him, he
promifing to read fix folemn led^ures up-
on natural hiftory, one every year, dur-
ing the fpace of fix years, upon Friday
immediately preceding Adt-Saturday, at
9 o'clock in the morning, whether there
be a public aft or not : This I confent
to, and am,

Mr. Vice-Chancellor, and gentlemen.

Your affe<-tionate friend,

c^ <v '>^ c^ and.fervant,

St. James s-Sfuare, *

July 14, 1 70 1. ORMONDE.

, .»■■'.

(M) Ope reafon he affigns for this de-
lay is, that they had not a fufficient num-
ber of capital letters at the printing-
houfe.

N 3 . Another

i6^ NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

Another apology made to the public
Ciay be found in the Wclfli Preface to
the Archaeologia : '^ If the printer hais
been too tedious, becaufe he had other
mens works in his own hands at the fame
time, .that fault cannot be laid at my
door, becaufe I have no authority over
them. Their cuftom is, without acknow-*
ledging what they have in hapd already,
to undertake all they will be eniruftcd
with, left work or money fail, left othd-
workmen be admitted into their printing-
houfc, and to jiegled aiiy work where
the authors are the undertakers nithcf
than that of the London bookfellers, un^
Jefs they are threatened by thofe who
have authority to turn them out of the
printing-houfe. And if others complain
to. thofe, they will fpare np fort of un-^
truth to excufe themfelves, and it is their
profit and intereft to be all in the fame
ftory." Sec the tranfJation in Mafcolme's
Propofals, Ed. 1739* p- iP.

MR. EDWAiKD LHWti>. 167

But th^re ift ont Remarkable cifctihi-
Stitice ttkting to himfelf, which I finct
in a lettei- to him from Df. Mill, Prin-
clpftl ©f BdmUrtd-HalU dated Qxott,
Fib. ly 1706, to tvholn prbbaWjr he had
inidfe thfe complaint before-mentioned:
•i— *^ As to what ydti fay oft the printers;
I jim no ft^anger to thefib and theit Wstys ;
hut I dm fafisfied^ ffom Ibch is Mrill noi
deteive me, fhat yotrr ^ork h fhamefully
ntgU^dd : and #hy are yon not here to
refdifjrlnattefs, and c6nfuh y6uf own re-
ptrtati(!xn, ?^hieh fu#ers extremely hy ihit
negfea. Take <he advice o^ i farthfirt
f fiend,, arid cotoe qtatickljr ind fet all things
to rights. It is unaccountable that you
fhoald liv6 two or three miles oC in a
village*, and leave a thing of this weighty
concern in the hands of thofo virho abiHe
you by (hamcfully neglcfting it/*

V

* Enffi^m. *• When I was at this pJace/* fays
R^r.Hcarne> <* atEaftcr, 1706, Mr. Edward Lhwyd>
fince deceafed, who often ufed to retire hither when
he was drawing up the i ft volume of his Archaeo-

N 4 logia

V

i6B NOTES TG THE LIFE OF .

(N) " Upon profpeft of Mr- Cafweirs
fucceeding Pr. Gregory, Mr, Hatchett,
formerly Gentleman'^Commoner of Mer-
ton- College, made intereft for to be Bea-»
dlci upon which my friends defired mQ
to move forthwith, which accordingly. I
did, letting the Univerfity to know that
I dcfigned to appear, My preten0ons
were approved of, and 'twas comnionly
reported that lihould be thcf man. Soon
^fter were pews that Mr. Colinge, B. L,
and Sijb=- Warden of New-CoUefge, ap-f
peared, and had the Vice- Chancellor,
Dr. Lancaftcr of Queen's, your college,
Magdalen, and a great mapy more, on

}ogia Brit, was ple^fed tp tel) me, that when he was
lail in Wales, amongft other old books, he purchafed
a MS. containing divers difcourfes, moftly by way
of a letter, written by Jof. Monachus Evefliamenfis.
Put this author was jiot ^ monk of £yn{bam, ne^
Oxford, fometimes written Evefliam in the mionu-
ments of the chi^rch, but of the famous abby of
Evefliam, in Worcefterfliire. The matter of the
book is trivial," &c. Vid. LeL Itin. Vol. II. 171 1.

his

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 169

his fide ; which proved true enough ;
the Vice-Chancellor having gotten all
Queen's, excepting one or two, and di-
vers others, to be for him. But, not*
withftanding this, I fhould in the opi--
nion of deferving men have outnumbered
him, had not Mr* Lhwyd, of the Mu-*
feum, flruck in; upon notice of which
all my friends agreed that I and Mr.
Lhwyd muft adjufl matters, and not op-
pofe one another, unlefs we defigned both
to loofe iu I eafily affentcd, efpecially
when foon after we had the news of Mr.
Hatchett's death, whofe intereft, except
two or three, went over to Colinge. In
the evening of the fame day we heard of
Mr. CafweU's being eleded, I met Mn
JLhwydj and tho', upon conferring out
intereft, it appeared I had a majority of
voices*, yet, becaufe he is fenior, and is
a man of far better merits than I can
pretend to, and withal becaufe he is my
intimate friend, I fairly agreed to defift.
I had not done this fo foon, had not Dr.

Hudfon,

IT* Notes to TM6 Lite 0^

Hitdfoti, thaf affei-ntjort, in the ptMic
libr^y, and ih M K Hatley's bearingi toldl
me that it woilld be the better way; ad^
ding, that be W^as futfe that all meft would
upon that gp over /to Mr. Lhwyd, but
that none (>f Lbwyd'^s^ in cife he fhould
^fift, trooJd etfiiie oyer to me. ^ut, to
confront the Dodor, Mr. H alley told hirrt
immediately i that he woiild be for.me^
but that he would riot vote for Mr.

i

s

JLhwyd^ but would flay tt home all tht
lime of the eledion* And, to fhew the
Dodor WM oat in his affertion, feveral
df my /riendSi fincc We made up the
ttatter, deekrfed for Mr. Golinge. I hope,
however, fhit Mr. Lhwyd will cafry his
point, tbo' it will irtfallifely be with great
difficulty i efpetially if Mr. CafiveH cOtl-
tinues Beadle fix motttbs longer, M 'tis
faid he will, infifting upon the Statute.—-
Thus have I if!nifled of a place which
w6uld have been very agreeable to me,
•ind have made my fludies much more
eafy,than tbey are at prefent.'*

See

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. tyt

See HediiDe's letter to Dr. $mltfa> Bib.
Bodi. Vol. 11. fol. 127. ^

^ Oxon, Feb. 27, 1708.

«* Mr. Cafwell was admitted Profefibr
in a congregation on Thurfday morning
laA ; and next day^ contrary to what had
feme time before been expefted^ iat 8
o'clock was a convocation for filling up
the Beadleftjip. Mr. Lhwyd had 196,
and Mr, Colingc 176 votes. I aih hear-
tily glad Mr. Lhwyd^ who had not t
farthing faiary from the Mufeum^ but
only made what he toutd by ihewinjg; ds
I do, has carried his point, vdiich is
purely owing to my defifting/*

Oxon^ March 15, 1708. See letter
from Mr. Hearne to Dr. Smith, ib*
fol 127, Vol. II.

(O) «' We hkve l<Jft a very valuabi*
man, Mr. Edward Lhwyd, Keeper of the
Mufeum, and Superior Beadle in Divi-
nity, who was taken With a pleurify on

Sunday

17* NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

Sunday laft, in the afternooti^ and dred
on Wednefday following, between la
and II o'clock in the evening, in tbf^
49th year of his age. What contributed
to his diforder was an afthma he had had
for feveral years. By his death you and
I have loft a dear friend, and learning
has fuffcred in no fmall degree."

** Mr. Lhwyd lies buried in the church
of St. Michael : his body was conveyed
from the Mufeum, where he died, and
attended by the members of the com^-
jnon-room of Jefus-CoUege, and the Bea-
dles.'*

Oxon, July 2, 1709. See letter from
Mr. Hcarne to Dr. Smith, Bib.
Bodl. Vol.1, fol 138-

(O 2.) ** Two or three days fince, I
faw in MSS. a fliort account of the lives
of Dr. Wallis, by Dr. Gregory ; of Mr,
Aflimole, by Mr. Lhwyd ; and of Anto^
ny a Wood, by Dr. Wood, qf New-Col-

lege;

\

MR- EDWARD LHWYD, 173

lege 5 which, with feveral others, are to
be publiftied in the three volumes oif
Mr, Collyer's DiSionary."

Hearne to Smith, Bib. Bodl. Vol. I.
foL 13. July 16, 1704.

(P) Mr. Lhwyd, I have been affured,
fpent a month, at leafl, in confulting and
comparing things for the ufe of Dr*
Hickes, fuch as related to the Britifli
language; which makes fome wonder
how. he came to be left out among fuch
as affifted. I can't attribute it to the
Doftor, but fuppofe it owing to fome
under workers." See a letter from Hearne
to Smith, dat. Aug. i, 1706, Bib. Bodl*
fol. 48, Vol. L

** I have heard it reported that he alfo
laid the plan, and had a great hand in
compofing the Hogiandia, a poem, in an-,
fwer to the Mufcipula of Dr. Holdf-
worth; but the reputed author of this
piece, Mr. Richards, is now living fome-
whcre in Monmouthfliire."

t74 NOTES TO THE LIFE OP

(R) Mr. Boflafe, in his Obferv^tjons
on ^ the Antiquities of Cornwall, fays,
" that, having had the favour of perufing
all the MSS* relating to etimology in this
library, the Cgrniih-Englifh vocabulary
was not anniong thefe papers, ' and there-*
fore is fuppofcd to be loft, and always
to4;)e regretted by the curiou«." P. 374,

*< I think myfelf in this place bound
in gratitude to mention, that upon my
ii;pplieation to the prefent Sir Thomas
Seabright, fon of the gentleman l^eforc-
isentioned, he with the greateft polite-
tjcfs allowed mc free accefs to them i
which kind and unmerited favour I have
not yet been able to accept/* 1760.

(R 2.) *' My noble Lord thinks him-
felf much obliged to you for the kind
notice that you have given him touching
Mr. JLhwyd's MSS. the refufal whereof
was abfolutely promifed by Mr. Vice-
Cbancellor to my Lord Oxford 3 I there-
fore

MR. EDWARD LHWra 17s

fon iptreat you to call upon Dr. Lancjtf*
ter fortl^witb, and ioduc^ him to write
to Oxford in my I^ord's behalf, that the
<lifpofal of the things to Sir Thomas Sca^
bright may be ftopped. I (hall write to
both by the ppfl:, but that will came in
laier."

Extras of a letter froin Hum, Wanlcy
to J. Anftis, Efiji dated Wimpol^
Feb. 2^f 171 5,

Ex coJleO. T. Aftle*

(R 3t) The quarrel between Dr.Wyiia
and Mr. Lhwyd feems to have ariioi
from the following circumftances : Pr*
<jFifhth Lloyd, of Llan^leer, Principal of
Jefua-CQllegCa founded a fcWlarfhip ia
that college for the benefit of his rela-
tions^ Mr. Lhwyd vyas very folicitous
to at^aii^ this pie(;e of preferment for his
friend David Parry, whofe pedigree, an4
relation to this a^air, are amongft thoTe
in Mr- Da Coda's coUe^ion. It appears
that they did not arrive (qov^ ei)ough„

-which

X

tjS NOTES TO TtlE LIFE OF

which opportunity Dr. Wynn laid hold
of to ferve another perfon, who had

gained his intereft ; and thereby
1702^ difappointed Mr. Party. This

occafioned that coolnefs and re^
ferve between the Dodtor and Mn Lhwyd^
which is the general confequence of fuch
contefts. But it was foon after heighten-
ed by the public notice the latter took of
fome inadvertent fpeeches which the
Doftor had made ufe of concerning his
work. In the Preface to the Archaeo-
logia, he fays, " It is the opinion of
a great many, which in troth I am forry
for, fays a gentleman who would feem
concerned for this undertaking, that it
confifts only of etimology and Welfli and
Iri(h vocabularies. Now, there are not^
perhaps, above half a dozen or half a
fcore in the kingdom that are curious
that way^ The world expected, accord-
ing to his promife, and undertaking, a
natural hiftory, ^which is a ftudy q£ efta-
bliflied rcqueft, and that a great many

are

»

I

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 177^'

arc learned in,* " Half a dozen or half
a fcore ! A very comfortable number,
truly, towards carrying off an impreflion ;
and a fpeech of great encouragement to
all lovers of the antiquities of Bri-
tain and Ireland. Should we not expeft
that an impartial man would in the lead
have faid three or four hundred, inflead
of half a fcore ?" &c.

The Doftor, being offended at thefe
and fome other expreffions, which were
direftly levelled at him, warmly refented
them in a letter to Mr: Lhwyd, whofe
anfwer is no left fharp and fevere. Co-
pies of both are preferved in Wood's
Study^ at the Aflimolean Mufeum, No.
660, W.

It is to be wiftied that this animofity
had ceafed after the death of one of the
parties, fince by the furvivor's influence
the college was prevented from purchas-
ing his valuable treafures, the lofs of
which opportunity they now lament.

O (S)*'I

178 NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

(S) *' I am as forry as you can be that
Mr. Lhwyd's papers, relating to the fe-
cond part of his Archseologia Brit, are
not digeiled, and that there feems to b^
no one qualified for compleating this
great and ufeful work."

Bib; Bodl. Hearne*s letter to Dr. Smithy
July 30, 1709. Fol. CXL.

** I cannot learn that Mr. Lhwyd di-
gefted any part of the 2d volume of the
Archaeologia Brit, fo that excellent work
is like to continue imperfedt. He had
colleded a great many curiofities, amongft
which are feveral books, both manu^
fcript and printed. If he had made a
will, I do not doubt but he would h^ve
bequeathed them to the Univerfity. They
now of right belong to Lewis Price, of
Cardigan, as being the neareft relation."
li). July 16, 1709. Fol. 1 39*

(T) ** Dr. Woodward, out of pure
fpleen againft Mr. Lhwyd, who is a hun-
dred times a better naturalift, oppofed

his

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. 179

his election arid admiffion into the Socie-
ty, alleging, before they came to ballot,
that he who was then propofcd had en-
deavoured to overthrow his hypothefis ia
the late printed account of the Itinera
Alpina. But our learned friend found a
great number of unprepofleflcd gentle-
men then prefent, who ftood up in his
defence, and brought him in, notwith-
(landing that filly, abfurd, and malicious
oppofition/'

Letter from Smith to Lifter, July 1 6,

1700. Smith's MSS, Bib. BodK

No. 58^

^* This morning at Grefham-College
you were approved of in council, and
being afterwards propofed in the general
meeting. Dr. Woodward took occafion
to make a very long fpeech againft your
dedtion ; but, being anfwered very fmart-
ly by feveral members, and the Doftor
finding nobody to fecond him, after above
half an hour's debate you were chofeSii

O 2 with

i8o NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

with a very inconiiderable oppoiitiofl^
The Dodtor's intereft is fo much lefTened
upon this controverfy, that he is this year
left out.of the council/'

Letter from Dr. Thorpe to Mr. Lhwyd,
in Wood's Study, W. 660.

For further teftimonials of Mr. Lhwyd's
character, fee a letter from. Dr. Smith to
Mr. Hearne, Bib. Bodl. No. 76, H. 9.

** It is an excellent work, (fpeaking of
the Archaeologia,) and moft ufeful to fuch
as ftudy the moft remote antiquities of
the greater or lefler Britain : though the
generality of writers are diffatisfied with
it; I think without any reafon."

Mr. Hearne fays, ** He was a man of
indefatigable induftry, and of an enter-
prifing and 'daring genius, whom no dif-
ficulties or dangers would deter or fright-
en from profecuting his laudable and
worthy defigns^ and, therefore, as no-
thing

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. i«t

thing uncommott and fit to be noted
could efcape his enquiry, (o he would
never reft fatisfied till he came to a view
of it himfelf." See his letter concerning
fomt antiquities between Oxford and ,
Windfor." z Ed. 1745, p. 144, 145*

Bart of a letter from Bilhop Nicolfon to
the Rev. Dr. Charleti Matter of Uni-
verfity- College, Oxford.

— — " About ten days agoe I had
a letter from honeft Mr. Lhwyd, who
faies he has thoughts (with Mr. Vice-
Chancellor*^ leave) to pafs from Corn-
wall, where he then was, into Bretagnc
in France, in order to pick up the re-
mains of the Armorican dialedt. This

•

will be the finifliing part of his col-
lections; and then (about four months
hence) you are to expedl his return tq
Oxford, where he is to put up his mate-
rials into form. From Ireland he has

brought

1 82 NOTES TO THE LIFE OF

brought above 30 parchment MSS. in
the language of the natives. He met,
be faies, with O-Flahertv, the author of
the Ogygria, who is a pcrfon affable and
learned i but the late revolutions in that
kingdom have reduced him to great po-^
vcrty, and deftroyed his books and pa-
pers. The Corniih language^ he com-
plains, is fo extreamely corrupted with
Engli(h, that *ti« almofi wholly periflied.
He has tranfcribed the only (two or thrfee)
books that are written in it; and has
formed fuch a vocabulary out of 'em as
he had formerly done out of the Irifh
and Highland Scotch. Thefe books are
the Guirimir^ mentioned in the late edi-
tion of Cambden. He fuppofes that word
to be a corruption of Gwari Mirkli
which, in their dialedt, fignifies a mira-
culous play or interlude. The lateft^ of
thofe he copy'd, was written by one Wm.
Gordon, A. D. 161 !• They were com-
pofed for the begetting in the common
people a right notion of the Scriptures^

and

MR. EDWARD LHWYD. iSj

and were a£ted in the memory of fome
not long fince deceased. Having nothing
of my own worth the troubling you with,
I hope you wilj excufe my giveing you
this (hare of my friend's lail favour i and
believe me to be ever. Sir, .

i

Your very faithful

Sa/ielJ, as well as obliged fervant,

Nov. 14, 1700.

Will. Nicolson/*

The name of Lhwyd defervedly ought
to be held in veneration by the fons of
Ireland wherever found, and, one may
add) by the Highlanders in Scotland, the
Britons in Wales, and by all lovers of the
Celtic learning and name. He it was
who defpifed the fatigue of learning their
language, and travelling whei;ever it was
fpoken, that he might attain its different
dialedls. He compofed an excellent dic-
tionary, confidcring it was the firft of the
kind. In it he promifed a natural his-
tory

i84 NOTES TO THE LIFE, I3c.

tbry of the minerals, vegetables, animab,
&c.' of the Highlands, Ifles, and Ireland,
with their ancient Iri(h names ; which,
if j udicioufly performed, would |M-ove a
more valuable work than ever graced
Ireland : but envious Fate, by the death
of Lhwyd, deprived them of fo precious
an acquiiition.

He bore patiently the denial of pro^
mifed helps, when bafely deferted by his
mean-fpirited fubfcribers to the diftio-
nary; yet, before his death, the rude
materials for the hiftory were all col-»
le^ed, but fo cbntradled for brevity, that
none elfe could fit them for the prefs. •

FINIS.

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THE NEW YORK PUJ^ . LIBRARY

REFERENCE Df .ATMENT

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This book is under no etroumstanoes to be
taken from the Building

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